Unpredictability in US foreign policy and the regional order in the Middle East: reacting vis-à-vis a volatile external security-provider
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- dc.contributor.author Quero Arias, Jordi
- dc.contributor.author Dessì, Andrea
- dc.date.accessioned 2023-01-30T07:33:34Z
- dc.date.available 2023-01-30T07:33:34Z
- dc.date.issued 2021
- dc.description.abstract This article explores the impact of the US foreign policy’s predictability, or lack thereof, vis-à-vis the Middle Easter regional order. It lays out two main arguments. Firstly, since 2003, the US has undertaken some concrete actions which have undermined former expectations of its behaviour among regional actors. By that, Washington distanced itself from open and predictable foreign policy that played a key role in maintaining the regional order, most concretely as an external security provider. US actions fostered a double-level uncertainty: amid a broader process of strategic disengagement from the region, the US’s level of intervention was not really predictable as in some occasions it adhered to its former responsibilities and opted either for direct intervention or offshore engagement, while in others it advanced in its disengagement by not intervening or doing less than expected by regional actors; additionally, in terms of the direction of its interventions, its policies fostered uncertainty as they fluctuated from some reinforcing the status to those disrupting it. Secondly, this uncertainty prompted regional actors to assume further security-oriented responsibilities, as shown by the renewed centrality of the Gulf Cooperation Council or the innovative Saudi foreign policy in Bahrain, Yemen or Qatar since 2011.
- dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme [grant number 693244 (MENARA Project)]. This publication reflects the views only of the authors and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Quero J, Dessì A. Unpredictability in US foreign policy and the regional order in the Middle East: reacting vis-à-vis a volatile external security-provider. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 2021;48(2):311-30. DOI: 10.1080/13530194.2019.1580185
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2019.1580185
- dc.identifier.issn 1353-0194
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55461
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher Taylor & Francis
- dc.relation.ispartof British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 2021;48(2):311-30
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/693244
- dc.rights © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in anymedium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
- dc.subject.other Relacions internacionals
- dc.subject.other Estats Units d'Amèrica -- Relacions exteriors
- dc.subject.other Orient Mitjà
- dc.subject.other Seguretat internacional
- dc.title Unpredictability in US foreign policy and the regional order in the Middle East: reacting vis-à-vis a volatile external security-provider
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion