Svara-forms in Carnatic music: contextual influences on the performance of svara

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• dc.contributor.author Nuttall, Thomas
• dc.contributor.author Serra, Xavier
• dc.contributor.author Pearson, Lara
• dc.date.accessioned 2025-06-05T13:02:00Z
• dc.date.available 2025-06-05T13:02:00Z
• dc.date.issued 2025
• dc.description.abstract The performance of svaras (notes) in Carnatic music varies due to the influence of gamaka (ornamentation), rendering tasks such as automated transcription challenging. In this study, we identify the various forms taken by each svara in a single raga, and examine the extent to which the performance of any given svara is influenced by its preceding and succeeding melodic context and, additionally, by duration. We add 547 svara-level annotations of a new performance to an existing svara annotation dataset (giving a total of 2,077 annotations), enabling us to look at this question across performances and performers. Through a combination of automated distance-based clustering and expert curation, we identify 71 unique svara-form groups in raga Bhairavi and present a series of statistical analyses to demonstrate the dependency between the extent of melodic context and duration on svara performance. We provide all code, data and results in the accompanying Github repository
• dc.description.sponsorship The authors would like to acknowledge Adithi Shankar for her contribution to the creation of the svara annotations. This research was carried out as part of the ‘IA y Música: Cátedra en Inteligencia Artificial y Música’ (TSI-100929-2023-1), funded by the Secretaría de Estado de Digitalización e Inteligencia Artificial, and the European Union-Next Generation EU, under the program Cátedras ENIA 2022 para la creación de cátedras universidad empresa en IA.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Nuttall T, Serra X, Pearson L. Svara-forms in Carnatic Music: contextual influences on the performance of svara. In: Workshop on Indian Music Analysis and Generative Applications (WIMAGA), a satellite Workshop of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing; 2025 April 6-11; Hyderabad, India. 5p. DOI: 10.1109/ICASSPW65056.2025.11011084
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70627
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
• dc.rights © 2025 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICASSPW65056.2025.11011084
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.subject.keyword Svara-forms
• dc.subject.keyword Carnatic music
• dc.subject.keyword Svara
• dc.title Svara-forms in Carnatic music: contextual influences on the performance of svara
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion