Injectable sensors based on passive rectification of volume-conducted currents

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• dc.contributor.author Malik, Shahid
• dc.contributor.author Castellví Fernández, Quim
• dc.contributor.author Becerra Fajardo, Laura
• dc.contributor.author Tudela Pi, Marc
• dc.contributor.author García Moreno, Aracelys
• dc.contributor.author Shojaei Baghini, Maryam
• dc.contributor.author Ivorra Cano, Antoni, 1974-
• dc.date.accessioned 2020-11-06T08:24:39Z
• dc.date.available 2020-11-06T08:24:39Z
• dc.date.issued 2020
• dc.description.abstract Sensing implants that can be deployed by catheterization or by injection are preferable over implants requiring invasive surgery. However, present powering methods for active implants and present interrogation methods for passive implants require bulky parts within the implants that hinder the development of such minimally invasive devices. In this article, we propose a novel approach that potentially enables the development of passive sensing systems overcoming the limitations of previous implantable sensing systems in terms of miniaturization. In this approach implants are shaped as thread-like devices suitable for implantation by injection. Their basic structure consists of a thin elongated body with two electrodes at opposite ends and a simple and small circuit made up of a diode, a capacitor and a resistor. The interrogation method to obtain measurements from the implants consists in applying innocuous bursts of high frequency (≥1 MHz) alternating current that reach the implants by volume conduction and in capturing and processing the voltage signals that the implants produce after the bursts. As proof-of-concept, and for illustrating how to put in practice this novel approach, here we describe the development and characterization of a system for measuring the conductivity of tissues surrounding the implant. We also describe the implementation and the in vitro validation of a 0.95 mm-thick, flexible injectable implant made of off-the-shelf components. For conductivities ranging from about 0.2 to 0.8 S/m, when compared to a commercial conductivity meter, the accuracy of the implemented system was about ±10%.en
• dc.description.sponsorship This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 724244). Antoni Ivorra gratefully acknowledges the financial support by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme. Shahid Malik would like to thank the Spanish Institute for Foreign Trade (ICEX) and the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) for the ERASMUS (Alianza 4 Universidades) mobility grant.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Malik S, Castellví Q, Becerra-Fajardo L, Tudela-Pi M, García-Moreno A, Shojaei Baghini M, Ivorra A. Injectable sensors based on passive rectification of volume-conducted currents. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst. 2020 Jun 15;14(4):867-78. DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2020.3002326
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2020.3002326
• dc.identifier.issn 1932-4545
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/45669
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
• dc.relation.ispartof IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems. 2020 Jun 15;14(4):867-78
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/724244
• dc.rights This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Biomedical transducersen
• dc.subject.keyword Implantsen
• dc.subject.keyword Implantable sensoren
• dc.subject.keyword Galvanic couplingen
• dc.subject.keyword Volume conductionen
• dc.title Injectable sensors based on passive rectification of volume-conducted currentsen
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion