Different neurophysiological mechanisms underlying word and rule extraction from speech
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- dc.contributor.author de Diego-Balaguer, Ruth
- dc.contributor.author Toro Soto, Juan Manuel, 1976-
- dc.contributor.author Rodriguez-Fornells, Antoni
- dc.contributor.author Bachoud-Lévi, Anne-Catherine
- dc.date.accessioned 2021-03-09T10:28:12Z
- dc.date.available 2021-03-09T10:28:12Z
- dc.date.issued 2007
- dc.description.abstract The initial process of identifying words from spoken language and the detection of more subtle regularities underlying their structure are mandatory processes for language acquisition. Little is known about the cognitive mechanisms that allow us to extract these two types of information and their specific time-course of acquisition following initial contact with a new language. We report time-related electrophysiological changes that occurred while participants learned an artificial language. These changes strongly correlated with the discovery of the structural rules embedded in the words. These changes were clearly different from those related to word learning and occurred during the first minutes of exposition. There is a functional distinction in the nature of the electrophysiological signals during acquisition: an increase in negativity (N400) in the central electrodes is related to word-learning and development of a frontal positivity (P2) is related to rule-learning. In addition, the results of an online implicit and a post-learning test indicate that, once the rules of the language have been acquired, new words following the rule are processed as words of the language. By contrast, new words violating the rule induce syntax-related electrophysiological responses when inserted online in the stream (an early frontal negativity followed by a late posterior positivity) and clear lexical effects when presented in isolation (N400 modulation). The present study provides direct evidence suggesting that the mechanisms to extract words and structural dependencies from continuous speech are functionally segregated. When these mechanisms are engaged, the electrophysiological marker associated with rule-learning appears very quickly, during the earliest phases of exposition to a new language.
- dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by a Post-Doctoral Grant from the French Huntington Disease Association to RDB, a Pre-Doctoral Grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (AP2000-4164) to JMT, a Grant from the MCYT of Spain (SEJ2005-06067/PSIC) to ARF and an Avenir Grant to ACBL.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation De Diego Balaguer R, Toro JM, Rodriguez-Fornells A, Bachoud-Lévi AC. Different neurophysiological mechanisms underlying word and rule extraction from speech. PLoS One. 2007 Nov 14;2(11):e1175. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0001175
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001175
- dc.identifier.issn 1932-6203
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/46701
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- dc.relation.ispartof PLoS One. 2007 Nov 14;2(11):e1175
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PN/SEJ2005-06067
- dc.rights © 2007 De Diego Balaguer et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.subject.keyword Language acquisition
- dc.subject.keyword Event-related potentials
- dc.subject.keyword Speech signal processing
- dc.subject.keyword Syntax
- dc.title Different neurophysiological mechanisms underlying word and rule extraction from speech
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion