Self beyond the body: Action-driven and task-relevant purely distal cues modulate performance and body ownership

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• dc.contributor.author Grechuta, Klaudia
• dc.contributor.author Ulysse, Laura
• dc.contributor.author Rubio Ballester, Belén
• dc.contributor.author Verschure, Paul F. M. J.
• dc.date.accessioned 2020-02-27T17:33:27Z
• dc.date.available 2020-02-27T17:33:27Z
• dc.date.issued 2019
• dc.description.abstract Our understanding of body ownership largely relies on the so-called Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI). In this paradigm, synchronous stroking of the real and the rubber hands leads to an illusion of ownership of the rubber hand provided that it is physically, anatomically, and spatially plausible. Self-attribution of an artificial hand also occurs during visuomotor synchrony. In particular, participants experience ownership over a virtual or a rubber hand when the visual feedback of self-initiated movements follows the trajectory of the instantiated motor commands, such as in the Virtual Hand Illusion (VHI) or the moving Rubber Hand Illusion (mRHI). Evidence yields that both when the cues are triggered externally (RHI) and when they result from voluntary actions (VHI and mRHI), the experience of ownership is established through bottom-up integration and top-down prediction of proximodistal cues (visuotactile or visuomotor) within the peripersonal space. It seems, however, that depending on whether the sensory signals are externally (RHI) or self-generated (VHI and mRHI), the top-down expectation signals are qualitatively different. On the one hand, in the RHI the sensory correlations are modulated by top-down influences which constitute empirically induced priors related to the internal (generative) model of the body. On the other hand, in the VHI and mRHI body ownership is actively shaped by processes which allow for continuous comparison between the expected and the actual sensory consequences of the actions. Ample research demonstrates that the differential processing of the predicted and the reafferent information is addressed by the central nervous system via an internal (forward) model or corollary discharge. Indeed, results from the VHI and mRHI suggest that, in action-contexts, the mechanism underlying body ownership could be similar to the forward model. Crucially, forward models integrate across all self-generated sensory signals including not only proximodistal (i.e., visuotactile or visuomotor) but also purely distal sensory cues (i.e., visuoauditory). Thus, if body ownership results from a consistency of a forward model, it will be affected by the (in)congruency of purely distal cues provided that they inform about action-consequences and are relevant to a goal-oriented task. Specifically, they constitute a corrective error signal. Here, we explicitly addressed this question. To test our hypothesis, we devised an embodied virtual reality-based motor task where action outcomes were signaled by distinct auditory cues. By manipulating the cues with respect to their spatial, temporal and semantic congruency, we show that purely distal (visuoauditory) feedback which violates predictions about action outcomes compromises both performance and body ownership. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that body ownership is influenced by not only externally and self-generated cues which pertain to the body within the peripersonal space but also those arising outside of the body. Hence, during goal-oriented tasks body ownership may result from the consistency of forward models.
• dc.description.sponsorship This research has been supported by the MINECO Retos Investigacion I+D+I, Plan Nacional project, SANAR (Gobierno de Espana) under agreement TIN2013–44200–REC, FPI grant nr. BES–2014–068791, and also European Research Council under grant agreement 341196 (CDAC).
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Grechuta K, Ulysse L, Rubio Ballester B, Verschure PFMJ. Self beyond the body: Action-driven and task-relevant purely distal cues modulate performance and body ownership. Front Hum Neurosci. 2019 Mar 20;13(1):91. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00091
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2019.00091
• dc.identifier.issn 1662-5161
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/43737
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Frontiers
• dc.relation.ispartof Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 2019 Mar 20;13(1):91
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/341196
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/TIN2013-44200-REC
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/BES-2014-068791
• dc.rights © 2019 Grechuta, Ulysse, Rubio Ballester and Verschure. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Body ownership
• dc.subject.keyword Internal forward models
• dc.subject.keyword Multisensory integration
• dc.subject.keyword Top-down prediction
• dc.subject.keyword Goal-oriented behavior
• dc.subject.keyword Task-relevant cues
• dc.title Self beyond the body: Action-driven and task-relevant purely distal cues modulate performance and body ownership
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion