La construcció de la identitat en les cançons sorgides en el moviment de la Nova Cançó

Abstract

En aquest treball es duu a terme una anàlisi, des de la vessant de l’anàlisi crítica del discurs, d’un recull de set cançons de tres compositors de la Nova Cançó. Es pren com a punt de partida el fet que aquestes cançons són un contradiscurs a aquell que proposava el règim franquista.The aim of this paper is to analyze the construction of the Catalan identity through a selection of songs that were composed in Catalonia under Franco’s regime. During the Spanish post-war period, some people created the group Els Setze Jutges, which had as a main objective the expression of their opinions and feelings against the dictatorship through songs. Therefore they became the faces of a counter-discourse which emerged as a response to the discourse implanted by the new regime. Taking into account that freedom of speech was limited, songs were probably the less dangerous way of transmitting their beliefs and, consequently, the mirror of their identity. Although the methodology used, the critical discourse analysis, offers a wide range of possible categories of analysis, this study has only focused on some of them. These categories are based on the polarization of the two main participants of the discourse: Us and Them. Both the reference to those participants and the attribution of certain actions to them are analyzed in three different points of view: discourse, syntax and semantics. With regards to the results, the Us is either clearly showed as being victimized or as a hero, whereas the Them play the role of the oppressor and carry negative connotations. Other categories of analysis, such as focalizations or verb tenses, among others, would have helped to reaffirm the conclusion: the Us emphasizes its good qualities and mitigates its bad ones, while it tries to emphasize the bad qualities and mitigate the good ones of the Them.