A Cross-sectional and longitudinal study on the protective effect of bilingualism against dementia using brain atrophy and cognitive measures

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• dc.contributor.author Costumero, Víctor
• dc.contributor.author Marin-Marin, Lidon
• dc.contributor.author Calabria, Marco
• dc.contributor.author Belloch, Vicente
• dc.contributor.author Escudero, Joaquín
• dc.contributor.author Baquero, Miguel
• dc.contributor.author Hernández Pardo, Mireia
• dc.contributor.author Ruiz de Miras, Juan
• dc.contributor.author Costa, Albert, 1970-
• dc.contributor.author Parcet, Maria-Antònia
• dc.contributor.author Ávila, César
• dc.date.accessioned 2020-02-25T11:11:42Z
• dc.date.available 2020-02-25T11:11:42Z
• dc.date.issued 2020
• dc.description.abstract Background Evidence from previous studies suggests that bilingualism contributes to cognitive reserve because bilinguals manifest the first symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) up to 5 years later than monolinguals. Other cross-sectional studies demonstrate that bilinguals show greater amounts of brain atrophy and hypometabolism than monolinguals, despite sharing the same diagnosis and suffering from the same symptoms. However, these studies may be biased by possible pre-existing between-group differences. Methods In this study, we used global parenchymal measures of atrophy and cognitive tests to investigate the protective effect of bilingualism against dementia cross-sectionally and prospectively, using a sample of bilinguals and monolinguals in the same clinical stage and matched on sociodemographic variables. Results Our results suggest that the two groups did not differ in their cognitive status at baseline, but bilinguals had less parenchymal volume than monolinguals, especially in areas related to brain atrophy in dementia. In addition, a longitudinal prospective analysis revealed that monolinguals lost more parenchyma and had more cognitive decline than bilinguals in a mean follow-up period of 7 months. Conclusion These results provide the first prospective evidence that bilingualism may act as a neuroprotective factor against dementia and could be considered a factor in cognitive reserve.
• dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by the project (201410-30-31) provided by Fundació Marató TV3 awarded to CA. LM-M was supported by an FPU grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education (FPU17/00698), and VC was supported by a Juan de la Cierva post-doctoral graduate program grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (IJCI-2016-29247).
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Costumero V, Marin-Marin L, Calabria M, Belloch V, Escudero J, Baquero M, Hernandez M, Ruiz de Miras J, Costa A, Parcet MA, Ávila C. A Cross-sectional and longitudinal study on the protective effect of bilingualism against dementia using brain atrophy and cognitive measures. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2020;12:11. DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-0581-1
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13195-020-0581-1
• dc.identifier.issn 1758-9193
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/43696
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher BioMed Central
• dc.relation.ispartof Alzheimer's Research & Therapy. 2020;12:11.
• dc.rights © Víctor Costumero, Lidon Marin-Marin, Marco Calabria, Vicente Belloch, Joaquín Escudero, Miguel Baquero, Mireia Hernandez, Juan Ruiz de Miras, Albert Costa, Maria-Antònia Parcet, César Ávila. Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Bilingualism
• dc.subject.keyword Cognitive reserve
• dc.subject.keyword Alzheimer’s disease
• dc.subject.keyword Mild cognitive impairment
• dc.subject.keyword Brain atrophy
• dc.subject.keyword Region-based morphometry
• dc.title A Cross-sectional and longitudinal study on the protective effect of bilingualism against dementia using brain atrophy and cognitive measures
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion