Wireless networks of injectable microelectronic stimulators based on rectification of volume conducted high frequency currents
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- dc.contributor.author García-Moreno, Aracelys
- dc.contributor.author Comerma-Montells, Albert
- dc.contributor.author Tudela Pi, Marc
- dc.contributor.author Minguillon, Jesus
- dc.contributor.author Becerra Fajardo, Laura
- dc.contributor.author Ivorra Cano, Antoni, 1974-
- dc.date.accessioned 2023-03-06T07:33:27Z
- dc.date.available 2023-03-06T07:33:27Z
- dc.date.issued 2022
- dc.description.abstract Objective. To develop and in vivo demonstrate threadlike wireless implantable neuromuscular microstimulators that are digitally addressable. Approach. These devices perform, through its two electrodes, electronic rectification of innocuous high frequency current bursts delivered by volume conduction via epidermal textile electrodes. By avoiding the need of large components to obtain electrical energy, this approach allows the development of thin devices that can be intramuscularly implanted by minimally invasive procedures such as injection. For compliance with electrical safety standards, this approach requires a minimum distance, in the order of millimeters or a very few centimeters, between the implant electrodes. Additionally, the devices must cause minimal mechanical damage to tissues, avoid dislocation and be adequate for long-term implantation. Considering these requirements, the implants were conceived as tubular and flexible devices with two electrodes at opposite ends and, at the middle section, a hermetic metallic capsule housing the electronics. Main results. The developed implants have a submillimetric diameter (0.97 mm diameter, 35 mm length) and consist of a microcircuit, which contains a single custom-developed integrated circuit, housed within a titanium capsule (0.7 mm diameter, 6.5 mm length), and two platinum–iridium coils that form two electrodes (3 mm length) located at opposite ends of a silicone body. These neuromuscular stimulators are addressable, allowing to establish a network of microstimulators that can be controlled independently. Their operation was demonstrated in an acute study by injecting a few of them in the hind limb of anesthetized rabbits and inducing controlled and independent contractions. Significance. These results show the feasibility of manufacturing threadlike wireless addressable neuromuscular stimulators by using fabrication techniques and materials well established for chronic electronic implants. Although long-term operation still must be demonstrated, the obtained results pave the way to the clinical development of advanced motor neuroprostheses formed by dense networks of such wireless devices.
- dc.description.sponsorship This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 724244). A.I. gratefully acknowledges the financial support by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation García-Moreno A, Comerma-Montells A, Tudela-Pi M, Minguillon J, Becerra-Fajardo L, Ivorra A. Wireless networks of injectable microelectronic stimulators based on rectification of volume conducted high frequency currents. J Neural Eng. 2022;19(5):056015. DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac8dc4
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ac8dc4
- dc.identifier.issn 1741-2560
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/56053
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher IOP Publishing Ltd.
- dc.relation.ispartof Journal of Neural Engineering. 2022;19(5):056015.
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/724244
- dc.rights © 2022 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword volume conduction
- dc.subject.keyword microstimulators
- dc.subject.keyword implants
- dc.subject.keyword ASIC
- dc.subject.keyword wireless power transfer
- dc.subject.keyword hermeticity
- dc.title Wireless networks of injectable microelectronic stimulators based on rectification of volume conducted high frequency currents
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion