Towards a characterization of background music audibility in broadcasted TV
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- dc.contributor.author Batlle-Roca, Roser
- dc.contributor.author Herrera Boyer, Perfecto, 1964-
- dc.contributor.author Meléndez Catalán, Blai
- dc.contributor.author Molina, Emilio
- dc.contributor.author Serra, Xavier
- dc.date.accessioned 2023-01-09T07:05:13Z
- dc.date.available 2023-01-09T07:05:13Z
- dc.date.issued 2023
- dc.description.abstract In audiovisual contexts, different conventions determine the level at which background music is mixed into the final program, and sometimes, the mix renders the music to be practically or totally inaudible. From a perceptual point of view, the audibility of music is subject to auditory masking by other aural stimuli such as voice or additional sounds (e.g., applause, laughter, horns), and is also influenced by the visual content that accompanies the soundtrack, and by attentional and motivational factors. This situation is relevant to the music industry because, according to some copyright regulations, the non-audible background music must not generate any distribution rights, and the marginally audible background music must generate half of the standard value of audible music. In this study, we conduct two psychoacoustic experiments to identify several factors that influence background music perception, and their contribution to its variable audibility. Our experiments are based on auditory detection and chronometric tasks involving keyboard interactions with original TV content. From the collected data, we estimated a sound-to-music ratio range to define the audibility threshold limits of the barely audible class. In addition, results show that perception is affected by loudness level, listening condition, music sensitivity, and type of television content.
- dc.description.sponsorship This work was partially supported by Musical AI— PID2019-111403GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU) and the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI).
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Batlle-Roca R, Herrera-Boyer P, Meléndez B, Molina E, Serra X. Towards a characterization of background music audibility in broadcasted TV. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(1):123. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010123
- dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010123
- dc.identifier.issn 1661-7827
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55232
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher MDPI
- dc.relation.ispartof International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023;20(1):123.
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2019-111403G
- dc.rights © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword background music
- dc.subject.keyword loudness perception
- dc.subject.keyword psychoacoustic experiments
- dc.subject.keyword complex auditory scene
- dc.subject.keyword everyday life environments
- dc.subject.keyword broadcasted TV
- dc.subject.keyword listening conditions
- dc.subject.keyword behaviour and cognition
- dc.title Towards a characterization of background music audibility in broadcasted TV
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion