Clinical relevance of interictal dysphoric disorder and its impact on quality of life in drug-resistant epilepsy

Monteagudo-Gimeno, Eila; Sánchez-González, Roberto; Radua, Joaquim; Fortea-González, Lydia; Boget Llucià, Teresa; Carreño Martínez, Mar; Donaire Pedraza, Antonio J.; Bargalló Alabart, Núria; Setoain Perego, Xavier; Rumià Arboix, Jordi; Bulbena Vilarrasa, Antonio; Pintor-Pérez, Luis

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109253

Clinical relevance of interictal dysphoric disorder and its impact on quality of life in drug-resistant epilepsy

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Monteagudo-Gimeno E, Sánchez-González R, Raduà-Castaño J, Fortea-González L, Boget-Llucià T, Carreño-Martínez M, Donaire-Pedraza A, Bargalló-Alabart N, Setoain-Perego X, Rumià-Arboix J, Bulbena-Vilarrasa A, Pintor-Pérez L. Clinical relevance of interictal dysphoric disorder and its impact on quality of life in drug-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2023 Jul;144:109253. DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109253

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence of Interictal Dysphoric Disorder (IDD) in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and to describe its clinical and psychopathological profile, including personality, as well as its impact on quality of life (QOL). Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study from an Epilepsy Unit from January 2007 to December 2017. All patients were diagnosed with DRE. Patients underwent a battery of tests (HADS, SCL-90R, PDQ-4+, QOLIE-31) and a psychiatrist assessed the presence of Axis-I disorders and IDD. Statistical procedures were carried out using R-4.0.1 software. Results: A total of 282 patients were included. A statistically significant association was found between IDD and mood and anxiety disorders (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 respectively), and between IDD and higher scores in all HADS and SCL-90-R items compared to subjects without IDD (p < 0.001). A statistically significant association was also found between IDD and obsessive-compulsive, borderline and depressive personality disorder (p < 0.05). Scores in all QOLIE-31 items except for 'medication effects' were significantly lower in subjects with IDD compared with subjects without IDD (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In DRE, IDD subjects show differences in the psychopathological profile and QOL scores compared to subjects without a diagnosis of IDD. An early diagnosis of IDD could facilitate prompt interventions which might positively impact QOL.