Adaptive NK cell response to human cytomegalovirus: Facts and open issues

López-Botet, M. (Miguel); Maria, Andrea de; Muntasell i Castellví, Aura, 1972-; Della Chiesa, Mariella; Vilches, Carlos

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2022.101706

Adaptive NK cell response to human cytomegalovirus: Facts and open issues

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López-Botet M, De Maria A, Muntasell A, Della Chiesa M, Vilches C. Adaptive NK cell response to human cytomegalovirus: Facts and open issues. Semin Immunol. 2023 Jan;65:101706. DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101706

Abstract

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection exerts broad effects on the immune system. These include the differentiation and persistent expansion of a mature NK cell subset which displays a characteristic phenotypic and functional profile hallmarked by expression of the HLA-E-specific CD94/NKG2C activating receptor. Based on our experience and recent advances in the field, we overview the adaptive features of the NKG2C+ NK cell response, discussing observations and open questions on: (a) the mechanisms and influence of viral and host factors; (b) the existence of other NKG2C- NK cell subsets sharing adaptive features; (c) the development and role of adaptive NKG2C+ NK cells in the response to HCMV in hematopoietic and solid organ transplant patients; (d) their relation with other viral infections, mainly HIV-1; and (e) current perspectives for their use in adoptive immunotherapy of cancer.