Curing the broken brain model of addiction: neurorehabilitation from a systems perspective
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- dc.contributor.author Wiers, Reinout W.
- dc.contributor.author Verschure, Paul F. M. J.
- dc.date.accessioned 2023-02-23T07:07:25Z
- dc.date.available 2023-02-23T07:07:25Z
- dc.date.issued 2021
- dc.description.abstract The dominant biomedical perspective on addictions has been that they are chronic brain diseases. While we acknowledge that the brains of people with addictions differ from those without, we argue that the “broken brain” model of addiction has important limitations. We propose that a systems-level perspective more effectively captures the integrated architecture of the embodied and situated human mind and brain in relation to the development of addictions. This more dynamic conceptualization places addiction in the broader context of the addicted brain that drives behavior, where the addicted brain is the substrate of the addicted mind, that in turn is situated in a physical and socio-cultural environment. From this perspective, neurorehabilitation should shift from a “broken-brain” to a systems theoretical framework, which includes high-level concepts related to the physical and social environment, motivation, self-image, and the meaning of alternative activities, which in turn will dynamically influence subsequent brain adaptations. We call this integrated approach system-oriented neurorehabilitation. We illustrate our proposal by showing the link between addiction and the architecture of the embodied brain, including a systems-level perspective on classical conditioning, which has been successfully translated into neurorehabilitation. Central to this example is the notion that the human brain makes predictions on future states as well as expected (or counterfactual) errors, in the context of its goals. We advocate system-oriented neurorehabilitation of addiction where the patients' goals are central in targeted, personalized assessment and intervention.
- dc.description.sponsorship The work reported in this manuscript is supported by EC project Virtual Brain Cloud (EC H2020 82642), the cognitive Rehabilitation Gaming System (ERC PoC, 840052) and RGS@Home (EIT Health, 20689) to PV.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Wiers RW, Verschure P. Curing the broken brain model of addiction: neurorehabilitation from a systems perspective. Addict Behav. 2021;112:106602. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106602
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106602
- dc.identifier.issn 0306-4603
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55876
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher Elsevier
- dc.relation.ispartof Addictive Behaviors. 2021;112:106602.
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/82642
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/840052
- dc.rights © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword Addiction
- dc.subject.keyword Brain disease model
- dc.subject.keyword Neurorehabilitation
- dc.subject.keyword Systems approach
- dc.title Curing the broken brain model of addiction: neurorehabilitation from a systems perspective
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion