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Mechanism of Action of an SGLT2 Inhibitor in Renal Cellular Damage

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is now the principal cause of chronic kidney disease, leading to end-stage kidney disease worldwide, increasing morbidity and mortality and resulting in elevated costs for public health systems. Its multifactorial etiology encompasses metabolic, hemodynamic, inflammatory, and fibrotic mechanisms, with chronic hyperglycemia as the primary driver of renal injury. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as promising agents in the management of diabetic nephropathy, not only improving glycemic control but also exerting protective effects through modulation of glomerular hemodynamics, reduction of cardiovascular (CV) risk, and anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic actions. However, the precise biological mechanism underlying these benefits remains incompletely understood. This project aims to elucidate the physiological pathways modulated by SGLT2 inhibitors in order to clarify the molecular basis of SGLT2 inhibitor-mediated kidney protection and provide insights for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies in diabetic nephropathy.

(2025) Vecino Feliz, Sofia