This master thesis examines the complex dynamics of irregular migration through the case of Fujianese communities in the United States, with particular attention to the 1993 Golden Venture incident and the figure of Sister Ping (Cheng Chui Ping, 郑翠萍). It explores how human smuggling emerges not merely as a criminal enterprise but as a transnational system embedded in longstanding cultural values, local histories, and global inequalities. Drawing on interdisciplinary sources — including ethnographic studies, media analysis, and academic research — this study traces how migration is motivated not only by economic hardship but also by cultural inheritance and collective aspiration. The story of Sister Ping reveals the blurred lines between illegality and community service, and exposes the limitations of state-centered definitions of crime and mobility. While highlighting the exploitative dimensions of human smuggling, the paper also foregrounds migrant agency, communal resilience, and the socio-political blind spots of immigration regimes. Ultimately, this research argues for a more nuanced understanding of irregular migration — one that moves beyond binary classifications and centers the lived realities of those journeying through today’s complex migration landscapes.
