Interplay of walnut consumption, changes in circulating miRNAs and reduction in LDL-cholesterol in elders

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• dc.contributor.author Gil-Zamorano, Judit
• dc.contributor.author Cofán, Montserrat
• dc.contributor.author López de las Hazas, María del Carmen
• dc.contributor.author García-Blanco, Tatiana
• dc.contributor.author García-Ruiz, Almudena
• dc.contributor.author Doménech, Mónica
• dc.contributor.author Serra-Mir, Mercè
• dc.contributor.author Roth, Irene
• dc.contributor.author Valls Pedret, Cinta
• dc.contributor.author Rajaram, Sujatha
• dc.contributor.author Sabaté, Joan
• dc.contributor.author Ros, Emilio
• dc.contributor.author Dávalos, Alberto
• dc.contributor.author Sala Vila, Aleix
• dc.date.accessioned 2022-10-13T06:14:49Z
• dc.date.available 2022-10-13T06:14:49Z
• dc.date.issued 2022
• dc.description.abstract The mechanisms underlying the lipid-lowering effect of nuts remain elusive. This study explores whether one-year supplementation with walnuts decreases LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) by affecting the expression of circulating microRNAs (c-miRNA). In this sub-study of the Walnuts and Healthy Aging (WAHA) trial, we obtained fasting serum at baseline and at 1 year from 330 free-living participants (63-79 year, 68% women), allocated into a control group (CG, abstinence from walnuts, n = 164) and a walnut group (WG, 15% of daily energy as walnuts, ~30-60 g/d, n = 166). Participants in the WG showed a 1 year decrease in LDL-C (-9.07, (95% confidence interval: -12.87; -5.73) mg/dL; p = 0.010 versus changes in the CG). We conducted a miRNA array in eight randomly selected participants in the WG who decreased in LDL-C. This yielded 53 c-miRNAs with statistically significant changes, 27 of which survived the correction for multiple testing. When validating them in the full population, statistical significance lasted for hsa-miR-551a, being upregulated in the WG. In mediation analysis, the change in hsa-miR-551a was unrelated to LDL-C decrease. Long-term supplementation with walnuts decreased LDL-C independently of the changes in c-miRNA. The hsa-miR-551a upregulation, which has been linked to a reduced cell migration and invasion in several carcinomas, suggests a novel mechanism of walnuts in cancer risk.
• dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by a grant from the California Walnut Commission, Folsom, CA, US (to J.S. and E.R.), by a “Manuel de Hoya” grant (2014) from the Sociedad Española de Arteriosclerosis, and by Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria–Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (grant no. PI15/01014) (all to A.S.-V.). M.-C.L.d.l.H. was supported by a post-doctoral research contract funded by the community of Madrid and the European Union (PEJD-2016/BIO-2781). A.G.-R. acknowledges the Marie Curie AMAROUT-II Europe Program. A.D. was supported by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación and European Feder Funds (AGL2016-78922-R) and Fundación Ramón Areces (CIVP18A3888), Madrid, Spain. These funding agencies had no input in the study design, data collection, analyses, or writing and submission of the manuscript.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Gil-Zamorano J, Cofán M, López de Las Hazas MC, García-Blanco T, García-Ruiz A, Doménech M, Serra-Mir M, Roth I, Valls-Pedret C, Rajaram S, Sabaté J, Ros E, Dávalos A, Sala-Vila A. Interplay of walnut consumption, changes in circulating miRNAs and reduction in LDL-cholesterol in elders. Nutrients. 2022 Apr 1;14(7):1473. DOI: 10.3390/nu14071473
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071473
• dc.identifier.issn 2072-6643
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/54362
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher MDPI
• dc.relation.ispartof Nutrients. 2022 Apr 1;14(7):1473
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/AGL2016-78922-R
• dc.rights © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Alpha-linolenic acid
• dc.subject.keyword Biomarkers
• dc.subject.keyword Cholesterol
• dc.subject.keyword Lipid metabolism
• dc.subject.keyword Nuts
• dc.title Interplay of walnut consumption, changes in circulating miRNAs and reduction in LDL-cholesterol in elders
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion