Biomechanical behavior of an hydroxyapatite-coated traditional hip stem and a short one of similar design: comparative study using finite element analysis

Citació

  • Gómez-Vallejo J, Roces-García J, Moreta J, Donaire-Hoyas D, Gayoso Ó, Marqués-López F, Albareda J. Biomechanical behavior of an hydroxyapatite-coated traditional hip stem and a short one of similar design: comparative study using finite element analysis. Arthroplast Today. 2021; 7:167-76. DOI: 10.1016/j.artd.2020.11.022

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  • Resum

    Background: The objective is to compare, by the means of finite elements analysis, the biomechanical behavior of a conventional stem of proven performance with a short stem based on the same fixation principles. Methods: A 3D femur was modeled from CT scan data, and real bone density measures were incorporated into it. Load stresses were applied to that bone in 3 different scenarios: without prosthesis, with the conventional stem, and with the short stem. Different bone loading patterns were compared by Gruen's zones both visually and statistically using Welch's test. Results: The implantation of a stem generates a certain degree of stress shielding in the surrounding bone, but the pattern of the change is very similar in the compared stem models. Although there is statistical significance (P < 0.01) in the mean stress variation in most of the Gruen's zones, the magnitude of the difference is always under 2 MPa (range: 0.01 - 1.74 MPa). Conclusions: The bone loading patterns of the traditional stem and the short stem are very similar. Although there is no evidence of a link between biomechanics and clinical outcomes, our results may suggest that theoretical advantages of short stems can be exploited without the fear of altering bone loading patterns.
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