Short-term effects of ultrafine particles on daily mortality by primary vehicle exhaust versus secondary origin in three Spanish cities

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  • dc.contributor.author Tobias, Aurelioca
  • dc.contributor.author Rivas, Ioarca
  • dc.contributor.author Reche, Cristinaca
  • dc.contributor.author Alastuey, Andrésca
  • dc.contributor.author Rodríguez, Sergio Betancourtca
  • dc.contributor.author Fernández Camacho, Rocíoca
  • dc.contributor.author Sánchez de la Campa, Ana M.ca
  • dc.contributor.author Rosa, Jesús de laca
  • dc.contributor.author Sunyer Deu, Jordica
  • dc.contributor.author Querol, Xavierca
  • dc.date.accessioned 2018-04-12T07:25:45Z
  • dc.date.available 2018-04-12T07:25:45Z
  • dc.date.issued 2018
  • dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND: Evidence on the short-term effects of ultrafine particles (with diameter<100nm, UFP) on health is still inconsistent. New particles in ambient urban air are the result of direct emissions and also the formation of secondary UFP from gaseous precursors. We segregated UFP into these two components and investigated their impact on daily mortality in three Spanish cities affected by different sources of air pollution. METHODS: We separated the UFP using a method based on the high correlation between black carbon (BC) and particle number concentration (N). The first component accounts for aerosol constituents emitted by vehicle exhaust (N1) and the second for the photochemical new particle formation enhancements (N2). We applied city-specific Poisson regression models, adjusting for long-term trends, temperature and population dynamics. RESULTS: Mean BC levels were higher in Barcelona and Tenerife (1.8 and 1.2μg·m-3, respectively) than in Huelva (0.8μg·m-3). While mean UFP concentrations were similar in the three cities, from which N1 was 40% in Barcelona, 46% in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, and 27% in Huelva. We observed an association with N1 and daily mortality in Barcelona, by increasing approximately 1.5% between lags 0 and 2, per an interquartile increase (IQR) of 3277cm-3, but not with N2. A similar pattern was found in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, although none of the associations were significant. Conversely, in the industrial city of Huelva mortality was associated with N2 at lag 0, by increasing 3.9% per an IQR of 12,032·cm-3. CONCLUSION: The pattern and origin of UFP determines their short-term effect on human health. BC is possibly the better parameter to evaluate the health effects of particulate vehicle exhaust emissions, although in areas influenced by domestic solid fuel combustion this should also be taken into account.
  • dc.description.sponsorship This study was supported by the National Plan for I+D+I (project PI15/00515) co-funded by the ISCIII Directorate General for Evaluation and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), by the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness and FEDER funds (project HOUSE, CGL2016-78594-R) and by the Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR 2015 SGR33 and DGQA).
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
  • dc.identifier.citation Tobías A, Rivas I, Reche C, Alastuey A, Rodríguez S, Fernández-Camacho R et al. Short-term effects of ultrafine particles on daily mortality by primary vehicle exhaust versus secondary origin in three Spanish cities. Environ Int. 2018 Feb;111:144-51. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.015. Epub 2017 Dec 20
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.11.015
  • dc.identifier.issn 0160-4120
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/34345
  • dc.language.iso eng
  • dc.publisher Elsevierca
  • dc.relation.ispartof Environment International. 2018 Feb;111:144-51
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/CGL2016-78594-R
  • dc.rights © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  • dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
  • dc.subject.keyword Black carbon
  • dc.subject.keyword Mortality
  • dc.subject.keyword Secondary emissions
  • dc.subject.keyword Time series
  • dc.subject.keyword Ultrafine particles
  • dc.subject.keyword Vehicle exhaust
  • dc.title Short-term effects of ultrafine particles on daily mortality by primary vehicle exhaust versus secondary origin in three Spanish citiesca
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion