Assessment of exposure to DDT and metabolites after indoor residual spraying through the analysis of thatch material from rural African dwellings
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- dc.contributor.author Manaca, Maria Nélia Joquim, 1980-ca
- dc.contributor.author Grimalt Obrador, Joanca
- dc.contributor.author Garí de Barbarà, Mercè, 1982-ca
- dc.contributor.author Sacarlal, Jahitca
- dc.contributor.author Sunyer Deu, Jordica
- dc.contributor.author Gonzalez, Raquelca
- dc.contributor.author Dobaño, Carlotaca
- dc.contributor.author Menéndez, Claraca
- dc.contributor.author Alonso, Pedro L.ca
- dc.date.accessioned 2015-12-09T14:12:04Z
- dc.date.available 2015-12-09T14:12:04Z
- dc.date.issued 2012
- dc.description.abstract INTRODUCTION: We report on the analysis of 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4,4'-DDT) and its metabolites in thatch and branch samples constituting the wall materials of dwellings from South African subtropical areas. This approach was used to assess the exposure to DDT in the residents of the dwellings after indoor residual spraying (IRS) following recommended sanitation practices against malaria vectors. DISCUSSION: Examination of the distributions of DDT compounds (2,4'-DDT, 4,4'-DDT and its metabolites) in 43 dwellings from the area of Manhiça (Mozambique) has shown median concentrations of 19, 130, and 23 ng/g for 2,4'-DDT, 4,4'-DDT, and 4,4'-DDE, respectively, in 2007 when IRS implementation was extensive. The concentrations of these compounds at the onset of the IRS campaign (n = 48) were 5.5, 47, and 2.2 ng/g, respectively. The differences were statistically significant and showed an increase in the concentration of this insecticide and its metabolites. Calculation of 4,4'-DDT in the indoor air resulting from the observed concentrations in the wall materials led to the characteristic values of environments polluted with this insecticide.ca
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdfca
- dc.identifier.citation Manaca MN, Grimalt JO, Gari M, Sacarlal J, Sunyer J, Gonzalez R et al. Assessment of exposure to DDT and metabolites after indoor residual spraying through the analysis of thatch material from rural African dwellings. Environmental science and pollution research international. 2012. 19(3): 756-762. DOI 10.1007/s11356-011-0601-6
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-011-0601-6
- dc.identifier.issn 0944-1344
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25358
- dc.language.iso engca
- dc.publisher Springerca
- dc.relation.ispartof Environmental science and pollution research international. 2012. 19(3): 756-762
- dc.rights © 2012 Manaca et al.; licensee Springer. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,/nprovided the original author(s) and source are credited
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessca
- dc.subject.keyword DDT
- dc.subject.keyword Thatch
- dc.subject.keyword Typha
- dc.subject.keyword Indoor residual spraying
- dc.subject.keyword Air concentrations
- dc.subject.keyword Malaria
- dc.subject.other Insecticides -- Toxicologiaca
- dc.subject.other Plaguicides -- Toxicologiaca
- dc.subject.other Mosquits -- Controlca
- dc.title Assessment of exposure to DDT and metabolites after indoor residual spraying through the analysis of thatch material from rural African dwellingsca
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/articleca
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionca