Whole genomes from the extinct Xerces Blue butterfly can help identify declining insect species
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- dc.contributor.author Dios Martínez, Toni de
- dc.contributor.author Fontseré Alemany, Clàudia, 1992-
- dc.contributor.author Renom, Pere
- dc.contributor.author Stiller, Josefin
- dc.contributor.author Llovera Nadal, Laia
- dc.contributor.author Uliano-Silva, Marcela
- dc.contributor.author Sánchez-Gracia, Alejandro
- dc.contributor.author Wright, Charlotte
- dc.contributor.author Lizano González, Esther, 1974-
- dc.contributor.author Caballero, Berta
- dc.contributor.author Navarro i Cuartiellas, Arcadi, 1969-
- dc.contributor.author Civit, Sergi
- dc.contributor.author Robbins, Robert K.
- dc.contributor.author Blaxter, Mark
- dc.contributor.author Marquès i Bonet, Tomàs, 1975-
- dc.contributor.author Vila, Roger
- dc.contributor.author Lalueza Fox, Carles, 1965-
- dc.date.accessioned 2024-11-14T08:21:35Z
- dc.date.available 2024-11-14T08:21:35Z
- dc.date.issued 2024
- dc.description.abstract The Xerces Blue (Glaucopsyche xerces) is considered to be the first butterfly to become extinct in historical times. It was notable for its chalky lavender wings with conspicuous white spots on the ventral wings. The last individuals were collected in their restricted habitat, in the dunes near the Presidio military base in San Francisco, in 1941. We sequenced the genomes of four 80- to 100-year-old Xerces Blue, and seven historical and one modern specimens of its closest relative, the Silvery Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus). We compared these to a novel annotated genome of the Green-Underside Blue (Glaucopsyche alexis). Phylogenetic relationships inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes indicate that Xerces Blue was a distinct species that diverged from the Silvery Blue lineage at least 850,000 years ago. Using nuclear genomes, both species experienced population growth during the Eemian interglacial period, but the Xerces Blue decreased to a very low effective population size subsequently, a trend opposite to that observed in the Silvery Blue. Runs of homozygosity and deleterious load in the former were significantly greater than in the later, suggesting a higher incidence of inbreeding. These signals of population decline observed in Xerces Blue could be used to identify and monitor other insects threatened by human activities, whose extinction patterns are still not well known.
- dc.description.sponsorship CL-F is supported by a PID2021-124590NB-100 grant (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE) of Spain; TM-B is supported by funding from the European Research Council (ERC) (grant agreement No. 864203), BFU2017-86471-P (MINECO/FEDER, UE), 'Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu', funded by the AEI (CEX2018-000792-M), Howard Hughes International Early Career, and Generalitat de Catalunya, GRC 2017-SGR-880; RV is supported by grant PID2019-107078GB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by GRC 2017-SGR-991 (Generalitat de Catalunya). We are grateful to the SCIENCE Faculty at University of Copenhagen for free access to Computerome 2.0. This research was funded in whole, or in part, by the Wellcome Trust Grants 206194 and 218328 (MU, MB). For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation de-Dios T, Fontsere C, Renom P, Stiller J, Llovera L, Uliano-Silva M, et al. Whole genomes from the extinct Xerces Blue butterfly can help identify declining insect species. Elife. 2024 Oct 4;12:RP87928. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.87928
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.87928
- dc.identifier.issn 2050-084X
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/68523
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher eLife
- dc.relation.ispartof Elife. 2024 Oct 4;12:RP87928
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/864203
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PE/PID2021-124590NB-100
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/BFU2017-86471-P
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2019-107078GB-I00
- dc.rights © 2023, de-Dios, Fontsere, Renom et al. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword Green-Underside Blue
- dc.subject.keyword Silvery Blue
- dc.subject.keyword Xerxes Blue
- dc.subject.keyword Evolutionary biology
- dc.title Whole genomes from the extinct Xerces Blue butterfly can help identify declining insect species
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion