Long-term ozone exposure and mortality in a large prospective study

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• dc.contributor.author Turner, Michelle C.ca
• dc.contributor.author Jerrett, Michaelca
• dc.contributor.author Pope III, C. Ardenca
• dc.contributor.author Krewski, Danielca
• dc.contributor.author Gapstur, Susan M.ca
• dc.contributor.author Diver, W. Ryanca
• dc.contributor.author Beckerman, Bernardo S.ca
• dc.contributor.author Marshall, Julian D.ca
• dc.contributor.author Su, Jasonca
• dc.contributor.author Crouse, Daniel L.ca
• dc.contributor.author Burnett, Richard T.ca
• dc.date.accessioned 2016-05-23T13:59:09Z
• dc.date.issued 2016
• dc.description.abstract RATIONALE: Tropospheric ozone (O3) is potentially associated with cardiovascular disease risk and premature death. Results from long-term epidemiological studies on O3 are scarce and inconclusive. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we examined associations between chronic ambient O3 exposure and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a large cohort of U.S. adults. METHODS: Cancer Prevention Study II participants were enrolled in 1982. A total of 669,046 participants were analyzed, among whom 237,201 deaths occurred through 2004. We obtained estimates of O3 concentrations at the participant's residence from a hierarchical Bayesian space-time model. Estimates of fine particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of up to 2.5 μm [PM2.5]) and NO2 concentrations were obtained from land use regression. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine mortality associations adjusted for individual- and ecological-level covariates. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: In single-pollutant models, we observed significant positive associations between O3, PM2.5, and NO2 concentrations and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. In two-pollutant models adjusted for PM2.5, significant positive associations remained between O3 and all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] per 10 ppb, 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.04), circulatory (HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05), and respiratory mortality (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.08-1.16) that were unchanged with further adjustment for NO2. We also observed positive mortality associations with both PM2.5 (both near source and regional) and NO2 in multipollutant models. CONCLUSIONS: Findings derived from this large-scale prospective study suggest that long-term ambient O3 contributes to risk of respiratory and circulatory mortality. Substantial health and environmental benefits may be achieved by implementing further measures aimed at controlling O3 concentrations.ca
• dc.description.sponsorship M.C.T. was funded by a Government of Canada Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship. D.K. is the McLaughlin Chair in Risk Science at the University of Ottawa. Health Canada, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Institutes of Health funded the development of the PM2.5 exposure model. The American Cancer Society funded the creation, maintenance, and follow-up of the Cancer Prevention Study II cohort.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdfca
• dc.identifier.citation Turner MC, Jerrett M, Pope CA 3rd, Krewski D, Gapstur SM, Diver WR et al. Long-term ozone exposure and mortality in a large prospective study. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2016; 193(10): 1134-1142. DOI 10.1164/rccm.201508-1633OCca
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201508-1633OC
• dc.identifier.issn 1073-449X
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/26329
• dc.language.iso engca
• dc.publisher American Thoracic Societyca
• dc.relation.ispartof American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2016; 193(10): 1134-1142
• dc.rights © 2016 by the American Thoracic Societyca
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessca
• dc.subject.keyword Air pollution
• dc.subject.keyword Mortality
• dc.subject.keyword Ozone
• dc.subject.keyword Prospective study
• dc.subject.other Aire -- Contaminacióca
• dc.subject.other Ozóca
• dc.subject.other Mortalitatca
• dc.title Long-term ozone exposure and mortality in a large prospective studyca
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/articleca
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionca