Afghanistan's ethnic groups share a y-chromosomal heritage structured by historical events
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- dc.contributor.author Haber, Marc, 1980-ca
- dc.contributor.author Platt, Daniel E.ca
- dc.contributor.author Ashrafian Bonab, Maziarca
- dc.contributor.author Youhanna, Soniaca
- dc.contributor.author Soria Hernanz, David Fca
- dc.contributor.author Martínez Cruz, Begoñaca
- dc.contributor.author Douaihy, Bouchraca
- dc.contributor.author Ghassibe-Sabbaghm, Michellaca
- dc.contributor.author Rafatpanah, Hoshangca
- dc.contributor.author Ghanbari, Mohsenca
- dc.contributor.author Whale, Johnca
- dc.contributor.author Balanovsky, Olegca
- dc.contributor.author Wells, R. Spencerca
- dc.contributor.author Comas, David, 1969-ca
- dc.contributor.author Tyler-Smith, Chrisca
- dc.contributor.author Zalloua, Pierre A.ca
- dc.contributor.author Genographic Consortiumca
- dc.date.accessioned 2015-05-08T07:19:19Z
- dc.date.available 2015-05-08T07:19:19Z
- dc.date.issued 2012ca
- dc.description.abstract Afghanistan has held a strategic position throughout history. It has been inhabited since the Paleolithic and later became a crossroad for expanding civilizations and empires. Afghanistan's location, history, and diverse ethnic groups present a unique opportunity to explore how nations and ethnic groups emerged, and how major cultural evolutions and technological developments in human history have influenced modern population structures. In this study we have analyzed, for the first time, the four major ethnic groups in present-day Afghanistan: Hazara, Pashtun, Tajik, and Uzbek, using 52 binary markers and 19 short tandem repeats on the non-recombinant segment of the Y-chromosome. A total of 204 Afghan samples were investigated along with more than 8,500 samples from surrounding populations important to Afghanistan's history through migrations and conquests, including Iranians, Greeks, Indians, Middle Easterners, East Europeans, and East Asians. Our results suggest that all current Afghans largely share a heritage derived from a common unstructured ancestral population that could have emerged during the Neolithic revolution and the formation of the first farming communities. Our results also indicate that inter-Afghan differentiation started during the Bronze Age, probably driven by the formation of the first civilizations in the region. Later migrations and invasions into the region have been assimilated differentially among the ethnic groups, increasing inter-population genetic differences, and giving the Afghans a unique genetic diversity in Central Asia.en
- dc.description.sponsorship This study is supported by the Waitt Family Foundationen
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdfca
- dc.identifier.citation Haber M, Platt DE, Ashrafian Bonab M, Youhanna SC, Soria-Hernanz DF, Martinez-Cruz B et al. Afghanistan's ethnic groups share a y-chromosomal heritage structured by historical events. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(3):e34288. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034288ca
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0034288
- dc.identifier.issn 1932-6203ca
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23537
- dc.language.iso engca
- dc.publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)ca
- dc.relation.ispartof PLoS ONE. 2012;7(3):e34288
- dc.rights © 2012 Haber et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are crediteden
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessca
- dc.subject.other Genètica de poblacions humanes -- Afganistanca
- dc.subject.other Migració humana -- Aspectes genèticsca
- dc.subject.other Genètica humana -- Variacióca
- dc.title Afghanistan's ethnic groups share a y-chromosomal heritage structured by historical eventsen
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/articleca
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionca