Intergenerational persistence of poverty in five high-income countries

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• dc.contributor.author Parolin, Zachary
• dc.contributor.author Pintro-Schmitt, Rafael
• dc.contributor.author Esping-Andersen, Gøsta, 1947-
• dc.contributor.author Fallesen, Peter
• dc.date.accessioned 2025-05-06T07:47:24Z
• dc.date.available 2025-05-06T07:47:24Z
• dc.date.issued 2025
• dc.date.updated 2025-05-06T07:47:24Z
• dc.description Supplementary materials files: online appendix; replication data.
• dc.description.abstract Childhood poverty increases the likelihood of adult poverty. However, past research offers conflicting accounts of cross-national variation in the strength of-and mechanisms underpinning-the intergenerational persistence of poverty. Here the authors investigate differences in intergenerational poverty in the United States, Australia, Denmark, Germany and the United Kingdom using administrative- and survey-based panel datasets. Intergenerational poverty is decomposed into family background effects, mediation effects, tax and transfer insurance effects and a residual poverty penalty. The intergenerational persistence of poverty is 0.43 in the United States (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.40-0.46; P < 0.001), compared with 0.16 in the United Kingdom (95% CI = 0.07-0.25; P < 0.001) and 0.08 in Denmark (95% CI = 0.08-0.08; P < 0.001). The US disadvantage is not channelled through family background, mediators, neighbourhood effects or racial or ethnic discrimination. Instead, the United States has comparatively weak tax and transfer insurance effects and a more severe residual poverty penalty. If the United States were to adopt the tax and transfer insurance effects of its peer countries, its intergenerational poverty persistence could decrease by more than one-third.
• dc.description.sponsorship We acknowledge funding from the European Union (ERC Starting Grant, ExpPov; agreement number 101039655; to Z.P.).
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Parolin Z, Pintro-Schmitt R, Esping-Andersen G, Fallesen P. Intergenerational persistence of poverty in five high-income countries. Nat Hum Behav. 2025 Feb;9:54-267. DOI: 10.1038/s41562-024-02029-w
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02029-w
• dc.identifier.issn 2397-3374
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70307
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Springer
• dc.relation.ispartof Nature Human Behaviour. 2025 Feb;9:254-67
• dc.relation.isreferencedby https://osf.io/preprints/osf/tb3qz
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101039655
• dc.rights This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• dc.subject.other Pobresa
• dc.subject.other Pobresa -- Països industrialitzats
• dc.subject.other Infants pobres -- Països industrialitzats
• dc.title Intergenerational persistence of poverty in five high-income countries
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion