On the trajectory of discrimination: a meta-analysis and forecasting survey capturing 44 years of field experiments on gender and hiring decisions
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- dc.contributor.author Schaerer, Michael
- dc.contributor.author du Plessis, Christilene
- dc.contributor.author Nguyen, My Hoang Bao
- dc.contributor.author van Aert, Robbie C. M.
- dc.contributor.author Tiokhin, Leo
- dc.contributor.author Lakens, Daniël
- dc.contributor.author Clemente, Elena Giulia
- dc.contributor.author Pfeiffer, Thomas
- dc.contributor.author Dreber, Anna
- dc.contributor.author Johannesson, Magnus
- dc.contributor.author Clark, Cory J.
- dc.contributor.author Uhlmann, Eric Luis
- dc.date.accessioned 2025-04-22T07:03:37Z
- dc.date.available 2025-04-22T07:03:37Z
- dc.date.issued 2023
- dc.description Includes supplementary materials for the online appendix.
- dc.description.abstract A preregistered meta-analysis, including 244 effect sizes from 85 field audits and 361,645 individual job applications, tested for gender bias in hiring practices in female-stereotypical and gender-balanced as well as male-stereotypical jobs from 1976 to 2020. A “red team” of independent experts was recruited to increase the rigor and robustness of our meta-analytic approach. A forecasting survey further examined whether laypeople (n = 499 nationally representative adults) and scientists (n = 312) could predict the results. Forecasters correctly anticipated reductions in discrimination against female candidates over time. However, both scientists and laypeople overestimated the continuation of bias against female candidates. Instead, selection bias in favor of male over female candidates was eliminated and, if anything, slightly reversed in sign starting in 2009 for mixed-gender and male-stereotypical jobs in our sample. Forecasters further failed to anticipate that discrimination against male candidates for stereotypically female jobs would remain stable across the decades.en
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Schaerer M, du Plessis C, Nguyen MHB, van Aert RCM, Tiokhin L, Lakens D, et al. On the trajectory of discrimination: a meta-analysis and forecasting survey capturing 44 years of field experiments on gender and hiring decisions. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 2023 Nov;179:104280. DOI: 10.1016/j.obhdp.2023.104280
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2023.104280
- dc.identifier.issn 0749-5978
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70178
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher Elsevier
- dc.relation.ispartof Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 2023 Nov;179:104280
- dc.rights © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword Genderen
- dc.subject.keyword Discriminationen
- dc.subject.keyword Field experimentsen
- dc.subject.keyword Meta-analysisen
- dc.subject.keyword Open scienceen
- dc.subject.keyword Forecastingen
- dc.title On the trajectory of discrimination: a meta-analysis and forecasting survey capturing 44 years of field experiments on gender and hiring decisionsen
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion