Are entrepreneurs more upwardly mobile?
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- dc.contributor.author Lindquist, Matthew J.
- dc.contributor.author Vladasel, Theodor
- dc.date.accessioned 2025-05-22T11:26:19Z
- dc.date.available 2025-05-22T11:26:19Z
- dc.date.issued 2025
- dc.date.updated 2025-05-22T11:26:19Z
- dc.description.abstract Entrepreneurship is often hailed as a path to upward intergenerational mobility, but few studies have explicitly tested this belief. Drawing on insights from the literature on entrepreneurial heterogeneity and returns, we compare the extent and direction of mobility across generations among Swedish entrepreneurs and employees. We study intergenerational income rank mobility using high-quality lifetime income measures for 215,000 father-son pairs. Entrepreneurs are drawn disproportionately from both poorer and richer families, but the patterns we uncover hold across the entire paternal income distribution. Sons who own incorporated businesses are more upwardly mobile across generations than employees; sons who own unincorporated businesses are more downwardly mobile. Selection on (un)observable traits fully explains incorporated sons' moves up, but only a small share of unincorporated sons' moves down. Income underreporting and, crucially, lower returns to human capital explain the remaining downward mobility. Unincorporated ventures appear to use entrepreneurs' human capital inefficiently.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Lindquist MJ, Vladasel T. Are entrepreneurs more upwardly mobile? J Bus Ventur. 2025 Jul;40(4):106498. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2025.106498
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2025.106498
- dc.identifier.issn 0883-9026
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70455
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher Elsevier
- dc.relation.ispartof Journal of Business Venturing. 2025 Jul;40(4):106498
- dc.rights © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword Entrepreneurship
- dc.subject.keyword Incorporation
- dc.subject.keyword Intergenerational mobility
- dc.subject.keyword Lifetime income
- dc.subject.keyword Upward mobility
- dc.title Are entrepreneurs more upwardly mobile?
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion