The association between childhood adversities and subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences: A cross-national analysis of 23 998 respondents from 17 countries

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  • dc.contributor.author McGrath, John J.
  • dc.contributor.author Alonso Caballero, Jordi
  • dc.contributor.author Kessler, Ronald C.
  • dc.date.accessioned 2019-04-01T07:36:20Z
  • dc.date.available 2019-04-01T07:36:20Z
  • dc.date.issued 2017
  • dc.description.abstract Background: Although there is robust evidence linking childhood adversities (CAs) and an increased risk for psychotic experiences (PEs), little is known about whether these associations vary across the life-course and whether mental disorders that emerge prior to PEs explain these associations. Method: We assessed CAs, PEs and DSM-IV mental disorders in 23 998 adults in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. Discrete-time survival analysis was used to investigate the associations between CAs and PEs, and the influence of mental disorders on these associations using multivariate logistic models. Results: Exposure to CAs was common, and those who experienced any CAs had increased odds of later PEs [odds ratio (OR) 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9–2.6]. CAs reflecting maladaptive family functioning (MFF), including abuse, neglect, and parent maladjustment, exhibited the strongest associations with PE onset in all life-course stages. Sexual abuse exhibited a strong association with PE onset during childhood (OR 8.5, 95% CI 3.6–20.2), whereas Other CA types were associated with PE onset in adolescence. Associations of other CAs with PEs disappeared in adolescence after adjustment for prior-onset mental disorders. The population attributable risk proportion (PARP) for PEs associated with all CAs was 31% (24% for MFF). Conclusions: Exposure to CAs is associated with PE onset throughout the life-course, although sexual abuse is most strongly associated with childhood-onset PEs. The presence of mental disorders prior to the onset of PEs does not fully explain these associations. The large PARPs suggest that preventing CAs could lead to a meaningful reduction in PEs in the population.
  • dc.description.sponsorship The ESEMeD project is funded by the European Commission (Contracts QLG5-1999-01042; SANCO 2004123, and EAHC 20081308), the Piedmont Region (Italy)), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (FIS 00/0028), Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, Spain (SAF 2000-158-CE), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER CB06/02/0046, RETICS RD06/0011 REM-TAP), and other local agencies and by an unrestricted educational grant from GlaxoSmithKline.
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
  • dc.identifier.citation McGrath JJ, McLaughlin KA, Saha S, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Al-Hamzawi A, Alonso J et al. The association between childhood adversities and subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences: a cross-national analysis of 23 998 respondents from 17 countries. Psychol Med. 2017;47(7):1230-45. DOI: 10.1017/S0033291716003263
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291716003263
  • dc.identifier.issn 0033-2917
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/37014
  • dc.language.iso eng
  • dc.publisher Cambridge University Press
  • dc.relation.ispartof Psychological Medicine. 2017;47(7):1230-45
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PN/SAF2000-158-CE
  • dc.rights © Cambridge University Press. The published version of the article: McGrath JJ, McLaughlin KA, Saha S, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Al-Hamzawi A, Alonso J et al. The association between childhood adversities and subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences: a cross-national analysis of 23 998 respondents from 17 countries. Psychol Med. 2017 May;47(7):1230-1245 is available at https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291716003263
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  • dc.subject.keyword Childhood adversity
  • dc.subject.keyword Discrete-time survival analysis
  • dc.subject.keyword Maladaptive family functioning
  • dc.subject.keyword Population attributable risk proportion
  • dc.subject.keyword Psychotic experiences
  • dc.subject.keyword World Mental Health survey
  • dc.title The association between childhood adversities and subsequent first onset of psychotic experiences: A cross-national analysis of 23 998 respondents from 17 countries
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

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