Antidepressant use in low- middle- and high-income countries: a World Mental Health Surveys report

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• dc.contributor.author Kazdin, Alan E.
• dc.contributor.author Alonso Caballero, Jordi
• dc.contributor.author WHO World Mental Health Survey Collaborators
• dc.date.accessioned 2024-03-27T08:12:59Z
• dc.date.available 2024-03-27T08:12:59Z
• dc.date.issued 2023
• dc.description.abstract Background: The most common treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) is antidepressant medication (ADM). Results are reported on frequency of ADM use, reasons for use, and perceived effectiveness of use in general population surveys across 20 countries. Methods: Face-to-face interviews with community samples totaling n = 49 919 respondents in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys asked about ADM use anytime in the prior 12 months in conjunction with validated fully structured diagnostic interviews. Treatment questions were administered independently of diagnoses and asked of all respondents. Results: 3.1% of respondents reported ADM use within the past 12 months. In high-income countries (HICs), depression (49.2%) and anxiety (36.4%) were the most common reasons for use. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), depression (38.4%) and sleep problems (31.9%) were the most common reasons for use. Prevalence of use was 2-4 times as high in HICs as LMICs across all examined diagnoses. Newer ADMs were proportionally used more often in HICs than LMICs. Across all conditions, ADMs were reported as very effective by 58.8% of users and somewhat effective by an additional 28.3% of users, with both proportions higher in LMICs than HICs. Neither ADM class nor reason for use was a significant predictor of perceived effectiveness. Conclusion: ADMs are in widespread use and for a variety of conditions including but going beyond depression and anxiety. In a general population sample from multiple LMICs and HICs, ADMs were widely perceived to be either very or somewhat effective by the people who use them.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Kazdin AE, Wu C-S, Hwang I, Puac-Polanco V, Sampson NA, Al-Hamzawi A, et al. Antidepressant use in low- middle- and high-income countries: a World Mental Health Surveys report. Psychol Med. 2023 Mar;53(4):1583-91. DOI: 10.1017/S0033291721003160
• dc.identifier.doi http://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721003160
• dc.identifier.issn 0033-2917
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/59589
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Cambridge University Press
• dc.relation.ispartof Psychol Med. 2023 Mar;53(4):1583-91
• dc.rights © Cambridge University Press. The published version of the article: Kazdin AE, Wu C-S, Hwang I, Puac-Polanco V, Sampson NA, Al-Hamzawi A, et al. Antidepressant use in low- middle- and high-income countries: a World Mental Health Surveys report. Psychological Medicine. 2021;1–9. DOI: 10.1017/S0033291721003160 is available at https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291721003160.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.subject.keyword Antidepressant medications
• dc.subject.keyword Perceived effectiveness
• dc.subject.keyword Reasons for use
• dc.title Antidepressant use in low- middle- and high-income countries: a World Mental Health Surveys report
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion