Polystyrene nanoplastics target lysosomes interfering with lipid metabolism through the PPAR system and affecting macrophage functionalization

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  • dc.contributor.author Brandts, Irene
  • dc.contributor.author Solà, Roger
  • dc.contributor.author Garcia Ordoñez, Marlid
  • dc.contributor.author Gella, Alex
  • dc.contributor.author Quintana, Albert
  • dc.contributor.author Martin, Beatriz
  • dc.contributor.author Esteve-Codina, Anna
  • dc.contributor.author Teles, Mariana
  • dc.contributor.author Roher, Nerea
  • dc.date.accessioned 2023-11-06T07:42:03Z
  • dc.date.available 2023-11-06T07:42:03Z
  • dc.date.issued 2023
  • dc.description.abstract Nanoplastics (NPs) are currently a main concern for environmental, animal and human health due to their potential to accumulate in different environmental compartments and provoke effects in living organisms. Nevertheless, neither these effects nor the interaction of NPs with the cellular machinery are well characterized, and only scattered information is available. In the present work, we focused on the interaction between NPs and fish cells, both intestinal cells and macrophages, in order to understand which cell organelles are targeted by polystyrene (PS)-NPs and how this could impact cell function. PS-NPs can pass through phospholipid membranes, entering cells via endocytosis, phagocytosis or passive transport. Once internalized, we found that PS-NPs co-localize with lysosomes but not with mitochondria. Moreover, using two types of fluorescent probe (H2DCFDA and DHE) we demonstrated that NPs did not trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was corroborated by the fact that neither the oxidative consumption ratio (OCR) nor the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) in mitochondrial respiration were altered. RNASeq data revealed clear interference by PS-NPs with lipid metabolism, peroxisomes and PPAR signaling. The M1/M2 balance critically determines tissue homeostasis when exposed to exogenous agents such as microorganisms or pollutants. Thus, the expression of different genes (il1β, tnfα, il6, il10, il12, cox2, mmp9, ppar a, b and g) was further assessed to characterize the macrophage phenotype M1 or M2, induced by PS-NPs. Overall, in this study we demonstrate that PS-NPs co-localize within lysosomes, both in macrophages and in intestinal cells of rainbow trout, but do not trigger ROS production nor alter mitochondrial respiration. In macrophages, PS-NPs modulate polarization towards the M2-like phenotype.
  • dc.description.sponsorship This research was supported through Plan Nacional de Investigación: RTI2018-096957-B-C21 MINECO/FEDER and 2017-SGR-695 (AGAUR) to NR, and PID2020-114977RB-I00 to AQ and PT17/0009/0019 (ISCIII/MINECO and FEDER) to AEC. MT is supported by a Ramon y Cajal contract (ref. RYC2019-026841-I) and IB is supported by a PhD grant from Generalitat de Catalunya (2018FI_B_00711).
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
  • dc.identifier.citation Brandts I, Solà R, Garcia Ordoñez M, Gella A, Quintana A, Martin B, Esteve-Codina A, Teles M, Roher N. Polystyrene nanoplastics target lysosomes interfering with lipid metabolism through the PPAR system and affecting macrophage functionalization. Environ Sci Nano. 2023;10:2245-58. DOI: 10.1039/D2EN01077A
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D2EN01077A
  • dc.identifier.issn 2051-8153
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/58214
  • dc.language.iso eng
  • dc.publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
  • dc.relation.ispartof Environ Sci Nano. 2023;10:2245-58
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/RTI2018-096957-B-C21
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2020-114977RB-I00
  • dc.rights This Open Access Article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 3.0 Unported Licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  • dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
  • dc.subject.other Macròfags
  • dc.subject.other Lisosomes
  • dc.subject.other Orgànuls cel·lulars
  • dc.title Polystyrene nanoplastics target lysosomes interfering with lipid metabolism through the PPAR system and affecting macrophage functionalization
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Articles (Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG))