Prenatal exposure to synthetic phenols assessed in multiple urine samples and dysregulation of steroid hormone homeostasis in two european cohorts

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• dc.contributor.author Jedynak, Paulina
• dc.contributor.author Bustamante Pineda, Mariona
• dc.contributor.author Foraster Pulido, Maria, 1984-
• dc.contributor.author Gascon Merlos, Mireia, 1984-
• dc.contributor.author Llurba, Elisa
• dc.contributor.author Rivas, Ioar
• dc.contributor.author Pozo Mendoza, Óscar J., 1975-
• dc.contributor.author Vrijheid, Martine
• dc.contributor.author Sunyer Deu, Jordi
• dc.contributor.author Dadvand, Payam
• dc.contributor.author Philippat, Claire
• dc.date.accessioned 2025-07-31T07:21:30Z
• dc.date.available 2025-07-31T07:21:30Z
• dc.date.issued 2025
• dc.description.abstract Background: Some synthetic phenols alter hormonal pathways involved in successful pregnancy and fetal development. Despite high within-subject temporal variability of phenols, previous studies mostly utilized spot urine samples to assess pregnancy exposure. Herein, we investigated associations between pregnancy exposure to eight phenols assessed in multiple pooled urine samples and steroid hormones assessed in maternal hair reflecting cumulative hormone levels over the previous weeks to months. Methods: We assessed phenol-hormone associations in 928 pregnant women from two pooled cohorts recruited in Spain [Barcelona Life Study Cohort (BiSC), 2018-2021] and France [Assessment of Air Pollution exposure during Pregnancy and Effect on Health (SEPAGES), 2014-2017] using pools of up to 21 samples each, collected in early pregnancy (median gestational age: 18.0 wk), as well as hair collected in late pregnancy (BiSC) or at birth (SEPAGES). We measured two bisphenols, four parabens, benzophenone-3, and triclosan along with metabolites of three adrenal (∑cortisol, ∑cortisone, and 11-dehydrocorticosterone) and two reproductive (progesterone and testosterone) hormones. We ran adjusted linear regressions for each exposure biomarker-outcome pair and Bayesian kernel machine regression for phenols mixture. Results: Bisphenol S was associated with higher cortisol and 11-dehydrocorticosterone concentrations. Propylparaben was associated with lower levels of cortisol, cortisone, and 11-dehydrocorticosterone, while methylparaben was linked to a reduction in cortisol levels. Interestingly, associations identified for parabens were stronger for women carrying female fetuses. No associations for phenol mixture were detected. Conclusions: Our study suggests that pregnancy exposure to bisphenol S and some parabens (propyl- and methylparaben) may affect production of maternal corticosteroid hormones that are important for a successful pregnancy and fetal development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15117.
• dc.description.sponsorship This project was supported by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES, HyPAxE project number EST2019/1/039), the French National Agency for Research (ANR, EDeN project number ANR-19-CE36-000301), and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement 874583 [ATHLETE]. The SEPAGES cohort was supported by the ANR (MEMORI project number ANR-21-CE34-0022, SYMER project number ANR-15-IDEX-02) and the ANSES (PNREST PENDORE 2018/1/264). Paulina Jedynak was supported by grants from ANR SYMER project number ANR-15-IDEX-02 and ANSES (HyPAxE and PENDORE project numbers EST-2019/1/039 and 2018/1/264). The SEPAGES cohort was supported by the European Research Council (number 311765-E-DOHaD), the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-206, number 308333-892 HELIX), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (number 874583 ATHLETE Project, number 825712 OBERON Project), ANR (PAPER project number ANR-12-PDOC-0029-01; SHALCOH project number ANR-14-CE21-0007, ANR-15-IDEX-02, and ANR-15-IDEX5; GUMME project number ANR-18CE36-005; ETAPE project ANR – EDeN project number ANR-19-CE36-000301; and ORANDANI project number ANR-22-CE36-0018), ANSES (CNAP project number EST-2016-121, HyPAxE project number EST2019/1/039), the Plan Cancer (Canc’Air project), the French Cancer Research Foundation Association de Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC), the French Endowment Fund AGIR for chronic diseases (APMC, projects PRENAPAR, LCI-FOT, DysCard), the French Endowment Fund for Respiratory Health, the French Fund – Fondation de France (CLIMATHES 00081169, SEPAGES 5 – 00099903, ELEMENTUM - 00124527). The BiSC cohort was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (785994 – AirNB project) and the Health Effects Institute (HEI), an organization jointly funded by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (Assistance Award number R-82811201) and certain motor vehicle and engine manufacturers. The contents of this article do not necessarily reflect the views of HEI or its sponsors nor do they necessarily reflect the views and policies of the EPA or motor vehicle and engine manufacturers. A full list of the funding sources that supported specific parts of the project can be found at https://projectebisc.org/en/funding-sources. Mireia Gascon holds a Miguel Servet fellowship (grant CP19/00183) funded by Acción Estratégica de Salud – Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-funded by European Social Fund “Investing in your future.” Ioar Rivas received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement number 886121 and Ramón y Cajal fellowship (RYC2021-032781-I), funded by the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union «NextGenerationEU»/PRTR. ISGlobal acknowledges support from the grant CEX2018-000806-S funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program. Vicente Mustieles was supported by a Sara Borrell postdoctoral research contract (CD22/00176), granted by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain) and «NextGenerationEU» funds. Isabelle Ouellet-Morin is the Canadian Research Chair in the Developmental Origins of Vulnerability and Resilience.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Jedynak P, Bustamante M, Rolland M, Mustieles V, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, et al. Prenatal exposure to synthetic phenols assessed in multiple urine samples and dysregulation of steroid hormone homeostasis in two european cohorts. Environ Health Perspect. 2025 May;133(5):57011. DOI: 10.1289/EHP15117
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP15117
• dc.identifier.issn 0091-6765
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/71049
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
• dc.relation.ispartof Environ Health Perspect. 2025 May;133(5):57011
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/874583
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/311765
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/308333
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/874583
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/825712
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/785994
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/886121
• dc.rights Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.subject.other Hormones esteroides
• dc.subject.other Fenols
• dc.title Prenatal exposure to synthetic phenols assessed in multiple urine samples and dysregulation of steroid hormone homeostasis in two european cohorts
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion