A survey on variable neighborhood search for sustainable logistics
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- dc.contributor.author De Armas Adrián, Jesica
- dc.contributor.author Moreno-Pérez, José A.
- dc.date.accessioned 2025-05-23T08:02:59Z
- dc.date.available 2025-05-23T08:02:59Z
- dc.date.issued 2025
- dc.description.abstract Sustainable logistics aims to balance economic efficiency, environmental responsibility, and social well-being in supply chain operations. This study explores the use of Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS), a metaheuristic optimization method, in addressing sustainable logistics challenges and provides insights into the potential it has to support them by delivering efficient solutions that align with global sustainability goals. The review identifies key trends, including a significant increase in research since 2019, with a strong focus on routing, scheduling, and location problems. Hybrid approaches, combining VNS with other methods, and multiobjective optimization to address trade-offs between sustainability goals are prominent. The most frequently applied VNS versions align closely with those commonly used in the broader literature, reflecting similar adoption proportions. In recent years, a noticeable increase in studies incorporating adaptation mechanisms into VNS frameworks has emerged. This trend is largely driven by the growing influence of Artificial Intelligence approaches across numerous fields of science and engineering, highlighting the need for more dynamic and intelligent optimization techniques. However, important research gaps remain. These include limited consideration of uncertainty and dynamic logistics systems, underrepresentation of social sustainability, and a lack of standardized benchmarks for comparing results. Future work should address these challenges and explore emerging applications.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation De Armas J, Moreno-Pérez JA. A survey on variable neighborhood search for sustainable logistics. Algorithms. 2025;18(1):38. DOI: 10.3390/a18010038
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a18010038
- dc.identifier.issn 1999-4893
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70474
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher MDPI
- dc.relation.ispartof Algorithms. 2025;18(1):38
- dc.rights © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.subject.keyword variable neighborhood search
- dc.subject.keyword VNS
- dc.subject.keyword sustainable logistics
- dc.title A survey on variable neighborhood search for sustainable logistics
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion