Local genetic adaptation to habitat in wild chimpanzees

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• dc.contributor.author Ostridge, Harrison J.
• dc.contributor.author Lizano González, Esther, 1974-
• dc.contributor.author Marquès i Bonet, Tomàs, 1975-
• dc.contributor.author Andrés Morán, Aida, 1976-
• dc.date.accessioned 2025-07-29T17:11:44Z
• dc.date.available 2025-07-29T17:11:44Z
• dc.date.issued 2025
• dc.description.abstract How populations adapt to their environment is a fundamental question in biology. Yet we know surprisingly little about this process, especially for endangered species such as non-human great apes. Chimpanzees, our closest living relatives, are particularly interesting because they inhabit diverse habitats, from rainforest to woodland-savannah. Whether genetic adaptation facilitates such habitat diversity remains unknown, despite having wide implications for evolutionary biology and conservation. Using 828 newly generated exomes from wild chimpanzees, we find evidence of fine-scale genetic adaptation to habitat. Notably, adaptation to malaria in forest chimpanzees is mediated by the same genes underlying adaptation to malaria in humans. This work demonstrates the power of non-invasive samples to reveal genetic adaptations in endangered populations and highlights the importance of adaptive genetic diversity for chimpanzees.
• dc.description.sponsorship H.J.O. is supported by the Natural Environment Research Council through the London NERC Doctoral Training Programme scholarship, grant no. NE/L002485/1. A.M.A. is supported by UCL’s Wellcome Trust ISSF3 award no. 204841/Z/16/Z, the BBSRC grant no. BB/W007703/1, and the Leverhulme trust grant no. RPG-2021-414. The Pan African Program: The Cultured Chimpanzee (PanAf) is generously funded by the Max Planck Society, the Max Planck Society Innovation Fund, and the Heinz L. Krekeler Foundation. T.M.-B. is supported by funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement no. 864203), grant PID2021-126004NB-100 funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF/EU (MICIIN/FEDER, UE), and Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca and CERCA Programme del Departament d’Economia i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya (GRC 2021 SGR 00177). We also acknowledge funding from the ‘‘la Caixa’’ Foundation doctoral fellowship program LCF/BQ/DE15/ 10360006 (to C.F.), US National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants from the Office of the Director and National Institute of Mental Health (DP2MH119424 and R01MH132818 to MYD), Formación de Personal Investigador (FPI) PRE2018- 083966 from Ministerio de Ciencia, Universidades e Investigacion (to M.A.-E.), and PID2020-116908GB-I00 (MCIN) (to E.L.). F.A.S. and A.K.P. thank the UCSD/Salk Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA) and Department of Human Origins, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology for support of GMERC, the Issa Valley field site, and ongoing sample collection in Tanzania. The research carried out in the Ituri province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, was supported by AL’s National Geographic Explorer’s grant (NGS-61178C-19).
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Ostridge HJ, Fontsere C, Lizano E, Soto DC, Schmidt JM, Saxena V, et al. Local genetic adaptation to habitat in wild chimpanzees. Science. 2025;387(6730). DOI: 10.1126/science.adn7954
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adn7954
• dc.identifier.issn 0036-8075
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/71032
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
• dc.relation.ispartof Science. 2025;387(6730)
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/864203
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PE/PID2021-126004NB-100
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2020-116908GB-I00
• dc.rights This is the author’s version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science on 2025;387(6730), DOI: 10.1126/science.adn7954.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.subject.other Adaptació (Biologia)
• dc.title Local genetic adaptation to habitat in wild chimpanzees
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion