Employment and working conditions of nurses: where and how health inequalities have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic?
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- dc.contributor.author Llop Gironés, Alba, 1987-
- dc.contributor.author Vračar, Ana
- dc.contributor.author Llop-Gironés, Gisela
- dc.contributor.author Benach, Joan
- dc.contributor.author Angeli-Silva, Livia
- dc.contributor.author Jaimez, Lucero
- dc.contributor.author Thapa, Pramila
- dc.contributor.author Bhatta, Ramesh
- dc.contributor.author Mahindrakar, Santosh
- dc.contributor.author Bontempo Scavo, Sara
- dc.contributor.author Nar Devi, Sonia
- dc.contributor.author Barria, Susana
- dc.contributor.author Marcos Alonso, Susana
- dc.contributor.author Julià, Mireia
- dc.date.accessioned 2022-06-14T06:54:22Z
- dc.date.available 2022-06-14T06:54:22Z
- dc.date.issued 2021
- dc.description.abstract Background: Nurses and midwives play a critical role in the provision of care and the optimization of health services resources worldwide, which is particularly relevant during the current COVID-19 pandemic. However, they can only provide quality services if their work environment provides adequate conditions to support them. Today the employment and working conditions of many nurses worldwide are precarious, and the current pandemic has prompted more visibility to the vulnerability to health-damaging factors of nurses' globally. This desk review explores how employment relations, and employment and working conditions may be negatively affecting the health of nurses in countries such as Brazil, Croatia, India, Ireland, Italy, México, Nepal, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Main body: Nurses' health is influenced by the broader social, economic, and political system and the redistribution of power relations that creates new policies regarding the labour market and the welfare state. The vulnerability faced by nurses is heightened by gender inequalities, in addition to social class, ethnicity/race (and caste), age and migrant status, that are inequality axes that explain why nurses' workers, and often their families, are exposed to multiple risks and/or poorer health. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, informalization of nurses' employment and working conditions were unfair and harmed their health. During COVID-19 pandemic, there is evidence that the employment and working conditions of nurses are associated to poor physical and mental health. Conclusion: The protection of nurses' health is paramount. International and national enforceable standards are needed, along with economic and health policies designed to substantially improve employment and working conditions for nurses and work-life balance. More knowledge is needed to understand the pathways and mechanisms on how precariousness might affect nurses' health and monitor the progress towards nurses' health equity.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Llop-Gironés A, Vračar A, Llop-Gironés G, Benach J, Angeli-Silva L, Jaimez L, et al. Employment and working conditions of nurses: where and how health inequalities have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic?. Hum Resour Health. 2021 Sep 16; 19(1): 112. DOI: 10.1186/s12960-021-00651-7
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12960-021-00651-7
- dc.identifier.issn 1478-4491
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/53482
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher BioMed Central
- dc.rights Copyright © The Author(s) 2021. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword Employment conditions
- dc.subject.keyword Health
- dc.subject.keyword Nurses
- dc.subject.keyword Policy
- dc.subject.keyword Working conditions
- dc.title Employment and working conditions of nurses: where and how health inequalities have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic?
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion