Developmental trajectories in primary schoolchildren using n-back task.

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  • dc.contributor.author López Vicente, Mònica, 1988-ca
  • dc.contributor.author Forns i Guzman, Joan, 1981-ca
  • dc.contributor.author Suades González, Elisabetca
  • dc.contributor.author Esnaola, Mikelca
  • dc.contributor.author García Esteban, Raquelca
  • dc.contributor.author Álvarez Pedrerol, Marca
  • dc.contributor.author Júlvez Calvo, Jordica
  • dc.contributor.author Burgaleta Díaz, Miguel, 1981-ca
  • dc.contributor.author Sebastián Gallés, Núriaca
  • dc.contributor.author Sunyer Deu, Jordica
  • dc.date.accessioned 2016-07-15T08:59:08Z
  • dc.date.available 2016-07-15T08:59:08Z
  • dc.date.issued 2016
  • dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND: Neuropsychological instruments to assess cognitive trajectories during childhood in epidemiological studies are needed. This would improve neurodevelopment characterization in order to identify its potential determinants. We aimed to study whether repeated measures of n-back, a working memory task, detect developmental trajectories in schoolchildren during a 1-year follow-up. METHODS: We administered the n-back task to 2897 healthy children aged 7-11 years old from 39 schools in Barcelona (Spain). The task consisted of 2 levels of complexity or loads (2- and 3-back) and 2 different stimuli (numbers and words). Participants performed the task four times from January 2012 to March 2013. To study the trajectories during the follow-up, we performed linear mixed-effects models including school, individual and age as random effects. RESULTS: We observed improvements related to age in n-back outcomes d', HRT and accuracy, as well as reduced cognitive growth at older ages in d' and HRT. Greater improvements in performance were observed at younger ages, in 2-back, in verbal rather than numerical stimuli and in girls compared to boys. Boys responded faster at baseline, while girls showed increased growth in 2-back numbers. Children with ADHD (Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder) symptoms (15% of boys and 6% of girls) had a lower working memory at baseline, but they showed similar cognitive growth trajectories in numbers variants of the task, as compared to children without ADHD symptoms. However, the age-related improvement in response speed was not observed in children with ADHD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in n-back outcomes reflected developmental trajectories in 1-year follow-up. The present results suggest that the repeated administration of this task can be used to study the factors that may alter the cognitive development during childhood.ca
  • dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by the European Research Council under Grant number 268479—the BREATHE project.
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdfca
  • dc.identifier.citation López-Vicente M, Forns J, Suades-González E, Esnaola M, García-Esteban R, Álvarez-Pedrerol M. et al. Developmental trajectories in primary schoolchildren using n-back task. Front Psychol. 2016 May 13;7:716. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00716ca
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00716
  • dc.identifier.issn 1664-1078
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/27060
  • dc.language.iso engca
  • dc.publisher Frontiersca
  • dc.relation.ispartof Frontiers in Psychology. 2016 May 13;7:716
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/268479
  • dc.rights Copyright © 2016 López-Vicente, Forns, Suades-González, Esnaola, García-Esteban, Álvarez-Pedrerol, Júlvez, Burgaleta, Sebastián-Gallés and Sunyer. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/(CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted,provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the originalpublication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these termsca
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessca
  • dc.rights.uri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ca
  • dc.subject.other Neurobiologia del desenvolupamentca
  • dc.subject.other Escolarsca
  • dc.title Developmental trajectories in primary schoolchildren using n-back task.ca
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/articleca
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionca

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