Tuberculosis-HIV co-infection: progress and challenges after two decades of global antiretroviral treatment roll-out

Letang Jiménez de Anta, Emilio Ángel; Ellis, Jayne; Naidoo, Kogieleum; Casas, Esther C.; Sánchez-Martínez, Francesca; Hassan-Moosa, Razia; Cresswell, Fiona; Miró, José María; García-Basteiro, Alberto L.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arbres.2019.11.015

Tuberculosis-HIV co-infection: progress and challenges after two decades of global antiretroviral treatment roll-out

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Letang E, Ellis J, Naidoo K, Casas EC, Sánchez P, Hassan-Moosa R, et al. Tuberculosis-HIV co-infection: progress and challenges after two decades of global antiretroviral treatment roll-out. Arch Bronconeumol. 2020 Jul; 56(7):446-54. DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2019.11.015

Abstract

Despite wide antiretroviral scale-up during the past two decades resulting in declining new infections and mortality globally, HIV-associated tuberculosis remains as a major public health concern. Tuberculosis is the leading HIV-associated opportunistic infection and the main cause of death globally and, particularly, in resource-limited settings. Several challenges exist regarding diagnosis, global implementation of latent tuberculosis treatment, management of active tuberculosis, delivery of optimal patient-centered TB and HIV prevention and care in high burden countries. In this article we review the advances on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment after nearly two decades of global roll-out of antiretroviral therapy and discuss the current challenges for the global control of tuberculosis-HIV co-infection.