The impact of black carbon (BC) on mode-specific galvanic skin response (GSR) as a measure of stress in urban environments

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• dc.contributor.author Yang, Xiuleng
• dc.contributor.author Orjuela, Juan Pablo
• dc.contributor.author McCoy, Emma
• dc.contributor.author Vich, Guillem
• dc.contributor.author Anaya Boig, Esther
• dc.contributor.author Avila-Palencia, Ione, 1985-
• dc.contributor.author Brand, Christian
• dc.contributor.author Carrasco Turigas, Glòria
• dc.contributor.author Dons, Evi
• dc.contributor.author Gerike, Regine
• dc.contributor.author Götschi, Thomas
• dc.contributor.author Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
• dc.contributor.author Int Panis, Luc
• dc.contributor.author Standaert, Arnout
• dc.contributor.author De Nazelle, Audrey
• dc.date.accessioned 2022-11-29T09:13:50Z
• dc.date.available 2022-11-29T09:13:50Z
• dc.date.issued 2022
• dc.description.abstract Previous research has shown that walking and cycling could help alleviate stress in cities, however there is poor knowledge on how specific microenvironmental conditions encountered during daily journeys may lead to varying degrees of stress experienced at that moment. We use objectively measured data and a robust causal inference framework to address this gap. Using a Bayesian Doubly Robust (BDR) approach, we find that black carbon exposure statistically significantly increases stress, as measured by Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), while cycling and while walking. Augmented Outcome Regression (AOR) models indicate that greenspace exposure and the presence of walking or cycling infrastructure could reduce stress. None of these effects are statistically significant for people in motorized transport. These findings add to a growing evidence-base on health benefits of policies aimed at decreasing air pollution, improving active travel infrastructure and increasing greenspace in cities.
• dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by the European project Physical Activity through Sustainable Transportation Approaches (PASTA). PASTA (http://www.pastaproject.eu/) is a four-year project funded by the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (EU FP7) under European Commission - Grant Agreement No. 602624. Xiuleng Yang is supported by a studentship in the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) on Financial Computing & Analytics (co-organised by Imperial College London and University College London).
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Yang X, Orjuela JP, McCoy E, Vich G, Anaya-Boig E, Avila-Palencia I, Brand C, Carrasco-Turigas G, Dons E, Gerike R, Götschi T, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Panis LI, Standaert A, de Nazelle A. The impact of black carbon (BC) on mode-specific galvanic skin response (GSR) as a measure of stress in urban environments. Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 4):114083. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114083
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114083
• dc.identifier.issn 0013-9351
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/55039
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Elsevier
• dc.relation.ispartof Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 4):114083
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/602624
• dc.rights © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Active travel
• dc.subject.keyword Air pollution
• dc.subject.keyword Built environment
• dc.subject.keyword Causal inference
• dc.subject.keyword Stress
• dc.subject.keyword Urban planning
• dc.title The impact of black carbon (BC) on mode-specific galvanic skin response (GSR) as a measure of stress in urban environments
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion