Interplay between cognition and weight reduction in individuals following a mediterranean diet: three-year follow-up of the PREDIMED-plus trial

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  • dc.contributor.author Soldevila-Domenech, Natalia
  • dc.contributor.author Forcano, Laura
  • dc.contributor.author Vintró Alcaraz, Cristina
  • dc.contributor.author Cuenca Royo, Aida Ma, 1981-
  • dc.contributor.author Pintó Sala, Xavier
  • dc.contributor.author Jiménez Murcia, Susana
  • dc.contributor.author García-Gavilán, Jesús Francisco
  • dc.contributor.author Nishi, Stephanie
  • dc.contributor.author Babio, Nancy
  • dc.contributor.author Gomis González, Maria, 1988-
  • dc.contributor.author Corella, Dolores
  • dc.contributor.author Sorlí, José Vicente
  • dc.contributor.author Fernández-Carrión, Rebeca
  • dc.contributor.author Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, 1957-
  • dc.contributor.author Martí, Amelia
  • dc.contributor.author Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
  • dc.contributor.author Castañer, Olga
  • dc.contributor.author Fernández Aranda, Fernando
  • dc.contributor.author Torre Fornell, Rafael de la
  • dc.date.accessioned 2022-05-27T06:27:34Z
  • dc.date.issued 2021
  • dc.description.abstract Background & aims: Some cognitive profiles might facilitate successful weight loss and its maintenance. Also, weight reductions may result in cognitive benefits. However, little work to date has examined the interactions between cognition and weight changes in the context of interventions with the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). We studied the within-subject longitudinal relationships between cognition, body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), and quality of life (QoL), in older adults following a MedDiet. Methods: The PREDIMED-Plus is a primary prevention trial testing the effect of a lifestyle intervention program with an energy-restricted MedDiet (er-MedDiet), weight-loss goals and PA promotion on cardiovascular disease. The PREDIMED-Plus-Cognition sub-study included 487 participants (50% women, mean age 65.2 ± 4.7 years), with overweight/obesity, metabolic syndrome and normal cognitive performance at baseline. A comprehensive neurocognitive test battery was administered at baseline and after 1 and 3 years. Results: Baseline higher performance in verbal memory (OR = 1.5; 95%CI 1.0, 2.1), visuoconstructive praxis and attention (OR = 1.5; 95%CI 0.9, 2.3), and inhibition (OR = 1.3; 95%CI 0.9, 1.9) were associated with a higher odd of achieving at least 8% weight loss after 3 years follow-up in participants randomized to the intervention group. There were moderate improvements in specific tests of memory and executive functions during follow-up. Higher adherence to the er-MedDiet was associated with greater improvements in memory. Women exhibited lower rates of change in global cognition, PA and QoL. Moreover, improvements in memory correlated with reductions in BMI after 1 year (βSTD = -0.14) and with improvements in PA after 3 years (βSTD = 0.13). Finally, participants who experienced greater improvements in executive functions and global cognition also experienced greater improvements in their QoL. Conclusions: This study refines the understanding of the determinants and mutual interrelationships between longitudinally-assessed cognitive performance and weight loss, adding further evidence to the cognitive benefits associated with better adherence to a MedDiet. Our results also suggest that weight loss interventions tailored to the cognitive profile and gender of participants are promising avenues for future studies.
  • dc.description.sponsorship Study resulting from the following grants: SLT006/17/00246, SLT002/16/00045 and SLT006/17/00077 funded by the Department of Health of the Generalitat de Catalunya by the calls “Acció instrumental de programes de recerca orientats en l'àmbit de la recerca i la innovació en salut” and "Pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut (PERIS)". We thank CERCA Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya for institutional support. This project was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), the Spanish Government Official Agency for funding biomedical research - with competitive grants leaded by Jordi Salas-Salvadó and Josep Vidal for the periods 2014-2016, 2015-2017, 2017-2019 and 2018-2020, through the Fondo de Investigación para la Salud (FIS), which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund, ERDF, a way to build Europe) [grants: PI13/00233, PI13/00728, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI16/00533, PI16/00366, PI16/01094, PI16/00501, PI17/01167, PI19/00017, PI19/00781, PI19/01032, PI19/00576]; the Especial Action Project entitled: Implementación y evaluación de una intervención intensiva sobre la actividad física Cohorte PREDIMED-Plus grant to Jordi Salas-Salvadó; the European Research Council [Advanced Research Grant 2014-2019; agreement #340918] granted to Miguel Ángel Martínez-González; the Recercaixa (number 2013ACUP00194) grant to Jordi SalasSalvadó. This research was also partially funded by EU-H2020 Grants (Eat2beNICE/ H2020-SFS-2016-2; Ref 728018; and PRIME/ H2020-SC1-BHC-2018-2020; Ref: 847879), Grant PROMETEO/2017/017 (Generalitat Valenciana) and Grant FEA/SEA 2017 for Primary Care Research. This work is also partially supported by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme. This work was supported by grants from DIUE de la Generalitat de Catalunya 2017 SGR 138 from the Departament d‟Economia i Coneixement de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Spain). CVA are supported by a predoctoral Grant of the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (FPU16/01453). JFG-G has received the Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud (PFIS FI17/00255) of the Acción Estratégica en Salud program (AES) from the Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Spanish Ministry of Health. The Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Center (CIBEROBN) is an initiative of ISCIII. None of these funding sources plays any role in the design, collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data or in the decision to submit manuscripts for publication. The funders of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. Conflict of interest Dr. Salas-Salvadó reports non-financial support from Nut and Dried Fruit Foundation, personal fees
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
  • dc.identifier.citation Soldevila-Domenech N, Forcano L, Vintró-Alcaraz C, Cuenca-Royo A, Pintó X, Jiménez-Murcia S, et al. Interplay between cognition and weight reduction in individuals following a mediterranean diet: three-year follow-up of the PREDIMED-plus trial. Clin Nutr. 2021 Sep; 40(9): 5221-37. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.07.020
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2021.07.020
  • dc.identifier.issn 0261-5614
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/53287
  • dc.language.iso eng
  • dc.publisher Elsevier
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/340918
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/728018
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/847879
  • dc.rights © Elsevier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2021.07.020
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  • dc.subject.keyword Cognition
  • dc.subject.keyword Mediterranean diet
  • dc.subject.keyword Nutrition
  • dc.subject.keyword Obesity
  • dc.subject.keyword Prevention
  • dc.title Interplay between cognition and weight reduction in individuals following a mediterranean diet: three-year follow-up of the PREDIMED-plus trial
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

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