Sex-specific chrono-nutritional patterns and association with body weight in a general population in Spain (GCAT study)

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• dc.contributor.author Pons-Muzzo, Luciana
• dc.contributor.author Cid Ibeas, Rafael de
• dc.contributor.author Obón-Santacana, Mireia
• dc.contributor.author Straif, Kurt
• dc.contributor.author Papantoniou, Kyriaki, 1983-
• dc.contributor.author Santonja, Isabel
• dc.contributor.author Kogevinas, Manolis
• dc.contributor.author Palomar Cros, Anna
• dc.contributor.author Lassale, Camille
• dc.date.accessioned 2024-11-22T11:37:11Z
• dc.date.available 2024-11-22T11:37:11Z
• dc.date.issued 2024
• dc.description.abstract Background: Altered meal timing patterns can disrupt the circadian system and affect metabolism. Our aim was to describe sex-specific chrono-nutritional patterns, assess their association with body mass index (BMI) and investigate the role of sleep in this relationship. Methods: We used the 2018 questionnaire data from the population-based Genomes for Life (GCAT) (n = 7074) cohort of adults aged 40-65 in Catalonia, Spain, for cross-sectional analysis and its follow-up questionnaire data in 2023 (n = 3128) for longitudinal analysis. We conducted multivariate linear regressions to explore the association between mutually adjusted meal-timing variables (time of first meal, number of eating occasions, nighttime fasting duration) and BMI, accounting for sleep duration and quality, and additional relevant confounders including adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Finally, cluster analysis was performed to identify chrono-nutritional patterns, separately for men and women, and sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were compared across clusters and analyzed for associations with BMI. Results: In the cross-sectional analysis, a later time of first meal (β 1 h increase = 0.32, 95% CI 0.18, 0.47) and more eating occasions (only in women, β 1 more eating occasion = 0.25, 95% CI 0.00, 0.51) were associated with a higher BMI, while longer nighttime fasting duration with a lower BMI (β 1 h increase=-0.27, 95% CI -0.41, -0.13). These associations were particularly evident in premenopausal women. Longitudinal analyses corroborated the associations with time of first meal and nighttime fasting duration, particularly in men. Finally, we obtained 3 sex-specific clusters, that mostly differed in number of eating occasions and time of first meal. Clusters defined by a late first meal displayed lower education and higher unemployment in men, as well as higher BMI for both sexes. A clear "breakfast skipping" pattern was identified only in the smallest cluster in men. Conclusions: In a population-based cohort of adults in Catalonia, we found that a later time of first meal was associated with higher BMI, while longer nighttime fasting duration associated with a lower BMI, both in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.
• dc.description.sponsorship This study makes use of data generated by the GCAT-Genomes for Life. Cohort study of the Genomes of Catalonia, Fundacio IGTP. IGTP is part of the CERCA Program / Generalitat de Catalunya. GCAT was funded by Acción de Dinamización del ISCIII-MINECO and the Ministry of Health of the Generalitat of Catalunya (ADE 10/00026); and have additional suport by the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) (SGR 01537), Spanish National Grant PI18/01512, TED2021-130626B-I00, La MaratoTV3 167/C/2021, VEIS project (001-P-001647) (co-funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), “A way to build Europe”), the European Union under grant agreement no. 101046314 (END-VOC). Additional data included in this study was obtained in part by the COVICAT Study Group (Cohort Covid de Catalunya) supported by ISGlobal and IGTP, EIT COVID-19 Rapid Response activity 20873 A and SR20-01024 La Caixa Foundation. Camille Lassale is supported by a Ramon y Cajal Fellowship RYC2020-029599 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Social Fund “Invest in your future”. Anna Palomar-Cros was supported by a MINECO (Spanish Ministry of Economy) fellowship (PRE2019-089038). The funding bodies had no role in the study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Pons-Muzzo L, de Cid R, Obón-Santacana M, Straif K, Papantoniou K, Santonja I, et al. Sex-specific chrono-nutritional patterns and association with body weight in a general population in Spain (GCAT study). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2024 Sep 12;21(1):102. DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01639-x
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12966-024-01639-x
• dc.identifier.issn 1479-5868
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/68790
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher BioMed Central
• dc.relation.ispartof Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2024 Sep 12;21(1):102
• dc.rights © The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Body mass index
• dc.subject.keyword Chrono-nutrition
• dc.subject.keyword Circadian rhythm
• dc.subject.keyword Meal timing
• dc.subject.keyword Obesity
• dc.title Sex-specific chrono-nutritional patterns and association with body weight in a general population in Spain (GCAT study)
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion