Density of green spaces and cardiovascular risk factors in the city of Madrid: the heart healthy hoods study
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- dc.contributor.author Plans, Elena
- dc.contributor.author Gullón, Pedro
- dc.contributor.author Cebrecos, Alba
- dc.contributor.author Fontán-Vela, Mario
- dc.contributor.author Díez, Julia
- dc.contributor.author Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J.
- dc.contributor.author Franco Tejero, Manuel
- dc.date.accessioned 2020-07-07T06:31:34Z
- dc.date.available 2020-07-07T06:31:34Z
- dc.date.issued 2019
- dc.description.abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the density of green spaces at different buffer sizes (300, 500, 1000 and 1500 m) and cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes) as well as to study if the relationship is different for males and females. We conducted cross-sectional analyses using the baseline measures of the Heart Healthy Hoods study (N = 1625). We obtained data on the outcomes from clinical diagnoses, as well as anthropometric and blood sample measures. Exposure data on green spaces density at different buffer sizes were derived from the land cover distribution map of Madrid. Results showed an association between the density of green spaces within 300 and 500 m buffers with high cholesterol and diabetes, and an association between the density of green spaces within 1500 m buffer with hypertension. However, all of these associations were significant only in women. Study results, along with other evidence, may help policy-makers creating healthier environments that could reduce cardiovascular disease burden and reduce gender health inequities. Further research should investigate the specific mechanisms behind the differences by gender and buffer size of the relationship between green spaces and cardiovascular risk factors.
- dc.description.sponsorship This project was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Evaluación y Fomento de la Investigación, Government of Spain (PI18/00782) and by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013/ERC Starting Grant Heart Healthy Hoods Agreement no. 623 336893). P.G. was supported by the 2018 Alfonso Martín Escudero Research Grant.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Plans E, Gullón P, Cebrecos A, Fontán M, Díez J, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Franco M. Density of green spaces and cardiovascular risk factors in the city of Madrid: the heart healthy hoods study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019; 16(24):4918. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16244918
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244918
- dc.identifier.issn 1661-7827
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/45078
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher MDPI
- dc.relation.ispartof Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019; 16(24):4918
- dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/336893
- dc.rights © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- dc.subject.keyword Cardiovascular risk factors
- dc.subject.keyword Diabetes
- dc.subject.keyword Gender
- dc.subject.keyword Green spaces
- dc.subject.keyword Hypercholesterolemia
- dc.subject.keyword Hypertension
- dc.subject.keyword Obesity
- dc.title Density of green spaces and cardiovascular risk factors in the city of Madrid: the heart healthy hoods study
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion