Indoor/outdoor relationships and mass closure of quasi-ultrafine, accumulation and coarse particles in Barcelona schools

Viana, Maria Carmen; Rivas, Ioar; Querol, Xavier; Alastuey, Andrés; Sunyer Deu, Jordi; Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar; Bouso, Laura; Sioutas, Constantinos

Indoor/outdoor relationships and mass closure of quasi-ultrafine, accumulation and coarse particles in Barcelona schools

Mostra el registre complet Registre parcial de l'ítem

dc.contributor.author Viana, Maria Carmen
dc.contributor.author Rivas, Ioar
dc.contributor.author Querol, Xavier
dc.contributor.author Alastuey, Andrés
dc.contributor.author Sunyer Deu, Jordi
dc.contributor.author Álvarez Pedrerol, Mar
dc.contributor.author Bouso, Laura
dc.contributor.author Sioutas, Constantinos
dc.date.accessioned 2025-01-21T07:36:53Z
dc.date.available 2025-01-21T07:36:53Z
dc.date.issued 2014
dc.description.abstract Abstract. The mass concentration, chemical composition and sources of quasi-ultrafine (quasi-UFP, PM0.25), accumulation (PM0.25–2.5) and coarse mode (PM2.5–10) particles were determined in indoor and outdoor air at 39 schools in Barcelona (Spain). Quasi-UFP mass concentrations measured (25.6 μg m−3 outdoors, 23.4 μg m−3 indoors) are significantly higher than those reported in other studies, and characterised by higher carbonaceous and mineral matter contents and a lower proportion of secondary inorganic ions. Results suggest that quasi-UFPs in Barcelona are affected by local sources in the schools, mainly human activity (e.g. organic material from textiles, etc., contributing 23–46% to total quasi-UFP mass) and playgrounds (in the form of mineral matter, contributing about 9% to the quasi-UFP mass). The particle size distribution patterns of toxicologically relevant metals and major aerosol components was characterised, displaying two modes for most elements and components, and one mode for inorganic salts (ammonium nitrate and sulfate) and elemental carbon (EC). Regarding metals, Ni and Cr were partitioned mainly in quasi-UFPs and could thus be of interest for epidemiological studies, given their high redox properties. Exposure of children to quasi-UFP mass and chemical species was assessed by comparing the concentrations measured at urban background and traffic areas schools. Finally, three main indoor sources across all size fractions were identified by assessing indoor / outdoor ratios (I / O) of PM species used as their tracers: human activity (organic material), cleaning products, paints and plastics (Cl− source), and a metallic mixed source (comprising combinations of Cu, Zn, Co, Cd, Pb, As, V and Cr). Our results support the need to enforce targeted legislation to determine a minimum "safe" distance between major roads and newly built schools to reduce exposure to traffic-derived metals in quasi-UFPs.en
dc.description.sponsorship The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (ERC-Advanced Grant) under grant agreement number 268479 – the BREATHE project. Additional funding for specific instrumentation was provided by national project IMPACT (CGL2011-26574), the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment (UCA2009020083), and projects VAMOS (CLG2010-19464-CLI) and GRACCIECSD2007-00067. Support is acknowledged to Generalitat de Catalunya 2009 SGR8. The authors are indebted to the schools Antoni Brusi, Baloo, Betània – Patmos, Centre d’estudis Montseny, Collegi Shalom, Costa i Llobera, El Sagrer, Els Llorers, Escola Pia de Sarrià, Escola Pia Balmes, Escola concertada Ramon Llull, Escola Nostra Sra. de Lourdes, Escola Tècnica Professional del Clot, Ferran i Clua, Francesc Macià, Frederic Mistral, Infant Jesús, Joan Maragall, Jovellanos, La Llacuna del Poblenou, Lloret, Menéndez Pidal, Nuestra Señora del Rosario, Miralletes, Ramon Llull, Rius i Taulet, Pau Vila, Pere Vila, Pi d’en Xandri, Projecte, Prosperitat, Sant Ramon Nonat – Sagrat Cor, Santa Anna, Sant Gregori, Sagrat Cor Diputació, Tres Pins, Tomàs Moro, Torrent d’en Melis, Virolai. The authors are thankful to the colleagues participating in the fieldwork and carrying the analitycal analysis, especially to Jesús Parga, Rafael Bartrolí, Mercè Cabañas, Iria Castro, Jordi Gil, Silvia Martinez, Carmen Muñoz and Rebeca Vázquez. en
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.identifier.citation Viana M, Rivas I, Querol X, Alastuey A, Sunyer J, Álvarez-Pedrerol M, et al. Indoor/outdoor relationships and mass closure of quasi-ultrafine, accumulation and coarse particles in Barcelona schools. Atmos Chem Phys. 2014 May 7;14(9):4459-72. DOI: 10.5194/acp-14-4459-2014
dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-4459-2014
dc.identifier.issn 1680-7316
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/69210
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher European Geosciences Union (EGU)
dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/268479
dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PN/CLG2010-19464-CLI
dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PN/CGL2011-26574
dc.rights All site content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.other Escoles -- Mesures de seguretatca
dc.subject.other Amonica
dc.subject.other Sulfatsca
dc.title Indoor/outdoor relationships and mass closure of quasi-ultrafine, accumulation and coarse particles in Barcelona schoolsen
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Col·leccions

Articles (Hospital del Mar Research Institute)