Attentional Control and Fear Extinction in Subclinical Fear: An Exploratory Study

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• dc.contributor.author Forcadell, Eduardca
• dc.contributor.author Torrents-Rodas, Davidca
• dc.contributor.author Treen Calvo, Devica
• dc.contributor.author Fullana Rivas, Miguel Ángelca
• dc.contributor.author Tortella-Feliu, Miquelca
• dc.date.accessioned 2018-05-29T07:38:26Z
• dc.date.available 2018-05-29T07:38:26Z
• dc.date.issued 2017
• dc.description.abstract Attentional control (AC) and fear extinction learning are known to be involved in pathological anxiety. In this study we explored whether individual differences in non-emotional AC were associated with individual differences in the magnitude and gradient of fear extinction (learning and recall). In 50 individuals with fear of spiders, we collected measures of non-emotional AC by means of self-report and by assessing the functioning of the major attention networks (executive control, orienting, and alerting). The participants then underwent a paradigm assessing fear extinction learning and extinction recall. The two components of the orienting network functioning (costs and benefits) were significantly associated with fear extinction gradient over and above the effects of trait anxiety. Specifically, participants with enhanced orienting costs (i.e., difficulties in disengaging attention from cues not relevant for the task) showed faster extinction learning, while those with enhanced orienting benefits (i.e., attention facilitated by valid cues) exhibited faster extinction recall as measured by fear-potentiated startle and Unconditioned Stimulus expectancies, respectively. Our findings suggest that, in non-emotional conditions, the orienting component of attention may be predictive of fear extinction. They also show that the use of fear extinction gradients and the exploration of individual differences in non-emotional AC (using performance-based measures of attentional network functioning) can provide a better understanding of individual differences in fear learning. Our findings also may help to understand differences in exposure therapy outcomes.
• dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by ANPIR under Grant to EF (BA-3/2016); PROMOSAM Investigación en procesos, mecanismos y tratamientos psicológicos para la promoción de la salud mental under Grant to MT-F (PSI2014-56303- RED); and Carlos III Health Institute/FEDER under Grant to MF (PI16/00144).
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Forcadell E, Torrents-Rodas D, Treen D, Fullana MA, Tortella-Feliu M. Attentional Control and Fear Extinction in Subclinical Fear: An Exploratory Study. Front Psychol. 2017 Sep 26;8:1654. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01654
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01654
• dc.identifier.issn 1664-1078
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/34742
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Frontiersca
• dc.relation.ispartof Frontiers in Psychology. 2017 Sep 26;8:1654
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/PSI2014-56303-RED
• dc.rights Copyright © 2017 Forcadell, Torrents-Rodas, Treen, Fullana and Tortella-Feliu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Anxiety disorders
• dc.subject.keyword Attentional control
• dc.subject.keyword Attentional network functioning
• dc.subject.keyword Extinction learning
• dc.subject.keyword Extinction recall
• dc.subject.keyword Fear extinction
• dc.subject.other Ansietat
• dc.subject.other Por -- Aspectes psicologics
• dc.title Attentional Control and Fear Extinction in Subclinical Fear: An Exploratory Studyca
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion