The Effect of a Mediterranean Diet on the Incidence of Cataract Surgery

García-Layana, Alfredo; Gianfranco, Ciufo; Toledo, Estefania; Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, 1957-; Corella, Dolores; Fitó Colomer, Montserrat; Estruch, Ramón; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Fiol, Miquel; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Luis; Pinto, Xavier; Portillo, María P.; Sorlí, José Vicente; Bulló, Mònica; Vinyoles, Ernest; Sala Vila, Aleix; Ros, Emilio; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Arós, Fernando

The Effect of a Mediterranean Diet on the Incidence of Cataract Surgery

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dc.contributor.author García-Layana, Alfredoca
dc.contributor.author Gianfranco, Ciufoca
dc.contributor.author Toledo, Estefaniaca
dc.contributor.author Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel, 1957-ca
dc.contributor.author Corella, Doloresca
dc.contributor.author Fitó Colomer, Montserratca
dc.contributor.author Estruch, Ramónca
dc.contributor.author Gómez-Gracia, Enriqueca
dc.contributor.author Fiol, Miquelca
dc.contributor.author Lapetra, Joséca
dc.contributor.author Serra-Majem, Luisca
dc.contributor.author Pinto, Xavierca
dc.contributor.author Portillo, María P.ca
dc.contributor.author Sorlí, José Vicenteca
dc.contributor.author Bulló, Mònicaca
dc.contributor.author Vinyoles, Ernestca
dc.contributor.author Sala Vila, Aleixca
dc.contributor.author Ros, Emilioca
dc.contributor.author Salas-Salvadó, Jordica
dc.contributor.author Arós, Fernandoca
dc.date.accessioned 2018-07-05T07:23:09Z
dc.date.available 2018-07-05T07:23:09Z
dc.date.issued 2017
dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND: Cataract is a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide, and surgery is the only available treatment. The process that initiates lens opacification is dependent on the oxidative stress experienced by the lens components. A healthy overall dietary pattern, with the potential to reduce oxidative stress, has been suggested as a means to decrease the risk of developing cataract. We aimed to investigate the hypothesis that an intervention with a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) rather than a low-fat diet could decrease the incidence of cataract surgery in elderly subjects. METHODS: We included 5802 men and women (age range: 55-80 years) from the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea study (multicenter, parallel-group, randomized controlled clinical trial) who had not undergone cataract surgery. They were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: (1) a MedDiet enriched with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) (n = 1998); (2) a MedDiet enriched with nuts (n = 1914), and a control group recommended to follow a low-fat diet (n = 1890). The incidence of cataract surgery was recorded yearly during follow-up clinical evaluations. Primary analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Cox regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between the nutritional intervention and the incidence of cataract surgery. RESULTS: During a follow-up period of 7.0 years (mean follow-up period: 5.7 years; median: 5.9 years), 559 subjects underwent cataract surgery. Two hundred and six participants from the MedDiet + EVOO group, 174 from the MedDiet + Nuts group, and 179 from the control group underwent cataract surgery. We did not observe a reduction in the incidence of cataract surgery in the MedDiet groups compared to the control group. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios were 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84-1.26, p = 0.79) for the control group versus the MedDiet + EVOO group and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.86-1.31, p = 0.58) for the control group versus the MedDiet + Nuts group. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first large randomized trial assessing the role of a MedDiet on the incidence of cataract surgery. Our results showed that the incidence of cataract surgery was similar in the MedDiet with EVOO, MedDiet with nuts, and low-fat diet groups. Further studies are necessary to investigate whether a MedDiet could have a preventive role in cataract surgery.
dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
dc.identifier.citation García-Layana A, Ciufo G, Toledo E, Martínez-González MA, Corella D, Fitó M. et al. The Effect of a Mediterranean Diet on the Incidence of Cataract Surgery. Nutrients. 2017 May 3;9(5): E453. DOI: 10.3390/nu9050453
dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9050453
dc.identifier.issn 2072-6643
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/35037
dc.language.iso eng
dc.publisher MDPIca
dc.relation.ispartof Nutrients. 2017 May 3;9(5):E453
dc.rights Copyright © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.keyword Mediterranean diet
dc.subject.keyword PREDIMED
dc.subject.keyword Antioxidants
dc.subject.keyword Cataract
dc.subject.keyword Cataract surgery
dc.subject.keyword Extra-virgin olive oil
dc.subject.keyword Low-fat diet
dc.subject.keyword Nuts
dc.subject.other Cataractes -- Cirugia
dc.subject.other Dieta mediterrània
dc.title The Effect of a Mediterranean Diet on the Incidence of Cataract Surgeryca
dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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