Brief research report: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity in long lasting responders to cancer immunotherapy through mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination

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• dc.contributor.author Sisteré-Oró, Marta
• dc.contributor.author Wortmann, Diana D. J.
• dc.contributor.author Andrade, Naína
• dc.contributor.author Aguilar, Andrés
• dc.contributor.author Mayo de las Casas, Clara de la Caridad
• dc.contributor.author Garcia Casabal, Florencia
• dc.contributor.author Torres, Susana
• dc.contributor.author Bona Salinas, Eduardo
• dc.contributor.author Raventos Soler, Laura
• dc.contributor.author Arcas, Andrea
• dc.contributor.author Esparre, Carlos
• dc.contributor.author Garcia, Beatriz
• dc.contributor.author Valarezo, Joselyn
• dc.contributor.author Rosell, Rafael
• dc.contributor.author Güerri Fernández, Roberto
• dc.contributor.author Gonzalez-Cao, Maria
• dc.contributor.author Meyerhans, Andreas
• dc.date.accessioned 2022-09-13T06:23:15Z
• dc.date.available 2022-09-13T06:23:15Z
• dc.date.issued 2022
• dc.description.abstract Cancer patients (CPs) have been identified as particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and therefore are a priority group for receiving COVID-19 vaccination. From the patients with advanced solid tumors, about 20% respond very efficiently to immunotherapy with anti-PD1/PD-L1 antibodies and achieve long lasting cancer responses. It is unclear whether an efficient cancer-specific immune response may also correlate with an efficient response upon COVID-19 vaccination. Here, we explored the antiviral immune response to the mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 in a group of 11 long-lasting cancer immunotherapy responders. We analysed the development of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG serum antibodies, virus neutralizing capacities and T cell responses. Control groups included patients treated with adjuvant cancer immunotherapy (IMT, cohort B), CPs not treated with immunotherapy (no-IMT, cohort C) and healthy controls (cohort A). The median ELISA IgG titers significantly increased after the prime-boost COVID vaccine regimen in all cohorts (Cohort A: pre-vaccine = 900 (100-2700), 3 weeks (w) post-boost = 24300 (2700-72900); Cohort B: pre-vaccine = 300 (100-2700), 3 w post-boost = 8100 (300-72900); Cohort C: pre-vaccine = 500 (100-2700), 3 w post-boost = 24300 (300-72900)). However, at the 3 w post-prime time-point, only the healthy control group showed a statistically significant increase in antibody levels (Cohort A = 8100 (900-8100); Cohort B = 900 (300-8100); Cohort C = 900 (300-8100)) (P < 0.05). Strikingly, while all healthy controls generated high-level antibody responses after the complete prime-boost regimen (Cohort A = 15/15 (100%), not all CPs behaved alike [Cohort B= 12/14 (84'6%); Cohort C= 5/6 (83%)]. Their responses, including those of the long-lasting immunotherapy responders, were more variable (Cohort A: 3 w post-boost (median nAb titers = 95.32 (84.09-96.93), median Spike-specific IFN-γ response = 64 (24-150); Cohort B: 3 w post-boost (median nAb titers = 85.62 (8.22-97.19), median Spike-specific IFN-γ response (28 (1-372); Cohort C: 3 w post-boost (median nAb titers = 95.87 (11.8-97.3), median Spike-specific IFN-γ response = 67 (20-84)). Two long-lasting cancer responders did not respond properly to the prime-boost vaccination and did not generate S-specific IgGs, neutralizing antibodies or virus-specific T cells, although their cancer immune control persisted for years. Thus, although mRNA-based vaccines can induce both antibody and T cell responses in CPs, the immune response to COVID vaccination is independent of the capacity to develop an efficient anti-cancer immune response to anti PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies.
• dc.description.sponsorship The authors are supported by Spanish Melanoma Group Grant (III Beca GEM para Grupos Emergentes), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grant no. PID2019-106323RB-I00 AEI//10.13039/501100011033, the “Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu”, funded by the MCIN and the AEI (DOI: 10.13039/501100011033); Ref: CEX2018-000792-M.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Sisteré-Oró M, Wortmann DDJ, Andrade N, Aguilar A, Mayo de Las Casas C, Casabal FG, Torres S, Bona Salinas E, Raventos Soler L, Arcas A, Esparre C, Garcia B, Valarezo J, Rosell R, Güerri-Fernandez R, Gonzalez-Cao M, Meyerhans A. Brief research report: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity in long lasting responders to cancer immunotherapy through mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination. Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 5;13:908108. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.908108
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.908108
• dc.identifier.issn 1664-3224
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/54049
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Frontiers
• dc.relation.ispartof Front Immunol. 2022 Jul 5;13:908108
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2019-106323RB-I00
• dc.rights © 2022 Sisteré-Oró, Wortmann, Andrade, Aguilar, Mayo de las Casas, Casabal, Torres, Bona Salinas, Raventos Soler, Arcas, Esparre, Garcia, Valarezo, Rosell, Güerri-Fernandez, Gonzalez-Cao and Meyerhans. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword COVID-19 vaccination
• dc.subject.keyword SARS-CoV-2
• dc.subject.keyword Cancer
• dc.subject.keyword Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)
• dc.subject.keyword Immunotherapy
• dc.subject.keyword Long lasting responders
• dc.subject.keyword mRNA-based vaccines
• dc.title Brief research report: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity in long lasting responders to cancer immunotherapy through mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion