Fragment-based design for the development of N-domain-selective angiotensin-1-converting enzyme inhibitors
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- dc.contributor.author Douglas, Ross G.
- dc.contributor.author Sharma, Rajni K.
- dc.contributor.author Masuyer, Geoffrey
- dc.contributor.author Lubbe, Lizelle
- dc.contributor.author Zamora Rico, Ismael
- dc.contributor.author Acharya, K. Ravi
- dc.contributor.author Chibale, Kelly
- dc.contributor.author Sturrock, Edward D.
- dc.date.accessioned 2023-12-18T06:48:45Z
- dc.date.available 2023-12-18T06:48:45Z
- dc.date.issued 2014
- dc.description.abstract ACE (angiotensin-1-converting enzyme) is a zinc metallopeptidase that plays a prominent role in blood pressure regulation and electrolyte homeostasis. ACE consists of two homologous domains that despite similarities of sequence and topology display differences in substrate processing and inhibitor binding. The design of inhibitors that selectively inhibit the N-domain (N-selective) could be useful in treating conditions of tissue injury and fibrosis due to build-up of N-domain-specific substrate Ac-SDKP (N-acetyl-Ser–Asp–Lys–Pro). Using a receptor-based SHOP (scaffold hopping) approach with N-selective inhibitor RXP407, a shortlist of scaffolds that consisted of modified RXP407 backbones with novel chemotypes was generated. These scaffolds were selected on the basis of enhanced predicted interaction energies with N-domain residues that differed from their C-domain counterparts. One scaffold was synthesized and inhibitory binding tested using a fluorogenic ACE assay. A molecule incorporating a tetrazole moiety in the P2 position (compound 33RE) displayed potent inhibition (Ki=11.21±0.74 nM) and was 927-fold more selective for the N-domain than the C-domain. A crystal structure of compound 33RE in complex with the N-domain revealed its mode of binding through aromatic stacking with His388 and a direct hydrogen bond with the hydroxy group of the N-domain specific Tyr369. This work further elucidates the molecular basis for N-domainselective inhibition and assists in the design of novel N-selective ACE inhibitors that could be employed in treatment of fibrosis disorders.
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
- dc.identifier.citation Douglas RG, Sharma RK, Masuyer G, Lubbe L, Zamora I, Acharya KR, et al. Fragment-based design for the development of N-domain-selective angiotensin-1-converting enzyme inhibitors. Clinical Science. 2014 Feb 1;126(4):305-13. DOI: 10.1042/CS20130403
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/CS20130403
- dc.identifier.issn 0143-5221
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/58537
- dc.language.iso eng
- dc.publisher Portland Press
- dc.relation.ispartof Clinical Science. 2014 Feb 1;126(4):305-13
- dc.rights © 2014 The Authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC-BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
- dc.subject.keyword Angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE)
- dc.subject.keyword Crystal structure
- dc.subject.keyword In silico screening
- dc.subject.keyword Inhibitor design
- dc.subject.keyword Kinetics
- dc.subject.keyword RXP407
- dc.title Fragment-based design for the development of N-domain-selective angiotensin-1-converting enzyme inhibitors
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion