Lack of the PGA exopolysaccharide in Salmonella as an adaptive trait for survival in the host

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• dc.contributor.author Echeverz, Maiteca
• dc.contributor.author García, Begoña M.ca
• dc.contributor.author Sabalza, Amaiaca
• dc.contributor.author Valle, Jaioneca
• dc.contributor.author Gabaldón Estevan, Juan Antonio, 1973-ca
• dc.contributor.author Solano, Cristinaca
• dc.contributor.author Lasa, Iñigoca
• dc.date.accessioned 2018-07-04T07:56:42Z
• dc.date.available 2018-07-04T07:56:42Z
• dc.date.issued 2017
• dc.description.abstract Many bacteria build biofilm matrices using a conserved exopolysaccharide named PGA or PNAG (poly-β-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine). Interestingly, while E. coli and other members of the family Enterobacteriaceae encode the pgaABCD operon responsible for PGA synthesis, Salmonella lacks it. The evolutionary force driving this difference remains to be determined. Here, we report that Salmonella lost the pgaABCD operon after the divergence of Salmonella and Citrobacter clades, and previous to the diversification of the currently sequenced Salmonella strains. Reconstitution of the PGA machinery endows Salmonella with the capacity to produce PGA in a cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) dependent manner. Outside the host, the PGA polysaccharide does not seem to provide any significant benefit to Salmonella: resistance against chlorine treatment, ultraviolet light irradiation, heavy metal stress and phage infection remained the same as in a strain producing cellulose, the main biofilm exopolysaccharide naturally produced by Salmonella. In contrast, PGA production proved to be deleterious to Salmonella survival inside the host, since it increased susceptibility to bile salts and oxidative stress, and hindered the capacity of S. Enteritidis to survive inside macrophages and to colonize extraintestinal organs, including the gallbladder. Altogether, our observations indicate that PGA is an antivirulence factor whose loss may have been a necessary event during Salmonella speciation to permit survival inside the host.
• dc.description.sponsorship This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness grants BIO2014-53530-R and SAF2014-56716-REDT (http://www.mineco.gob.es/portal/site/mineco/?lang_choosen=en). JV was supported by Ramon y Cajal (RYC-2009-03948) contract from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Echeverz M, García B, Sabalza A, Valle J, Gabaldón T, Solano C et al. Lack of the PGA exopolysaccharide in Salmonella as an adaptive trait for survival in the host. PLoS Genet. 2017 May 24;13(5):e1006816. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006816
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006816
• dc.identifier.issn 1553-7390
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/35029
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)ca
• dc.relation.ispartof PLoS Genet. 2017 May 24;13(5):e1006816
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/BIO2014-53530-R
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/1PE/SAF2014-56716-REDT
• dc.rights © 2017 Echeverz et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Salmonella
• dc.subject.keyword Exopolysaccharides
• dc.subject.keyword Bacterial biofilms
• dc.subject.keyword Biofilms
• dc.subject.keyword Operons
• dc.subject.keyword Bacterial proteins
• dc.subject.keyword Macrophages
• dc.title Lack of the PGA exopolysaccharide in Salmonella as an adaptive trait for survival in the hostca
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion