Profiles of the maternal occupational exposome during pregnancy and associations with intrauterine growth: Analysis of the French Longitudinal Study of Children - ELFE study

Tartaglia, Marie; Costet, Nathalie; Audignon Durand, Sabyne; Carles, Camille; Descatha, Alexis; Falkstedt, Daniel; Houot, Marie-Tülin; Kjellberg, Katarina; Pilorget, Corinne; Roeleveld, Nel; Siemiatycki, Jack; Turner, Michelle C.; Turuban, Maxime; Uuksulainen, Sanni; Dufourg, Marie Noëlle; Garlantézec, Ronan; Delva, Fleur

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.120669

Profiles of the maternal occupational exposome during pregnancy and associations with intrauterine growth: Analysis of the French Longitudinal Study of Children - ELFE study

Citation

Tartaglia M, Costet N, Audignon-Durand S, Carles C, Descatha A, Falkstedt D, et al. Profiles of the maternal occupational exposome during pregnancy and associations with intrauterine growth: Analysis of the French Longitudinal Study of Children - ELFE study. Environ Res. 2024 Dec 20;267:120669. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.120669

Abstract

Background: Numerous agents in the workplace are suspected of impairing fetal growth. To date, no epidemiological studies have specifically described the occupational exposome during pregnancy. Objective: The objectives were to determine maternal occupational exposome profiles and study their associations with intrauterine growth characteristics measured by small for gestational age (SGA), birthweight (BW), and head circumference (HC). Methods: We used data from the French national ELFE cohort. Occupational exposures to 47 agents (chemical, physical, biological, biomechanical, organizational and psychosocial), were identified using job exposure matrices. Mothers were classified as occupationally not exposed, uncertainly exposed, or exposed depending on their probability of exposure. Outcomes of interest were BW, SGA and HC. Maternal profiles of the occupational exposome were determined using hierarchical clustering of principal components. Associations between profiles and intrauterine growth outcomes were studied using linear or logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. Analyses were carried out depending on whether mothers stopped working during pregnancy. Results: The 12,851 included women were exposed to a median of 6 factors. Four occupational exposome profiles were identified, characterized by "low exposure, stress at work"; "strenuous, high organization, low decision"; "postural constraints, psychosocial factors", "postural and strength constraints, chemical and biological factors". In multivariate analyses, and among women who stopped working during the third trimester of pregnancy, analyses found associations between the profile "postural constraints, psychosocial factor" and SGA, and HC. None of the other exposure profiles were statistically significantly associated with foetal growth outcomes. Conclusion: The results show that the specific profile "postural constraints, psychosocial factors" may increase the risk of foetal growth retardation. Although these results need to be replicated, this study provides a first better understanding of the exposome of pregnant women at the workplace which may help to better adapt prevention strategies.