Intrinsically robust and scalable biofilm segmentation under diverse physical growth conditions

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• dc.contributor.author Chiou, Jian-Geng
• dc.contributor.author Chou, Kwang-Tao
• dc.contributor.author García Ojalvo, Jordi
• dc.contributor.author Süel, Gürol M.
• dc.date.accessioned 2025-01-14T13:56:20Z
• dc.date.available 2025-01-14T13:56:20Z
• dc.date.issued 2024
• dc.description.abstract Developmental patterning is a shared feature across biological systems ranging from vertebrates to bacterial biofilms. While vertebrate patterning benefits from well-controlled homeostatic environments, bacterial biofilms can grow in diverse physical contexts. What mechanisms provide developmental robustness under diverse environments remains an open question. We show that a native clock-and-wavefront mechanism robustly segments biofilms in both solid-air and solid-liquid interfaces. Biofilms grown under these distinct physical conditions differ 4-fold in size yet exhibit robust segmentation. The segmentation pattern scaled with biofilm growth rate in a mathematically predictable manner independent of habitat conditions. We show that scaling arises from the coupling between wavefront speed and biofilm growth rate. In contrast to the complexity of scaling mechanisms in vertebrates, our data suggests that the minimal bacterial clock-and-wavefront mechanism is intrinsically robust and scales in real time. Consequently, bacterial biofilms robustly segment under diverse conditions without requiring cell-to-cell signaling to track system size.
• dc.description.sponsorship This work was funded by the following funding sources: National Institutes of Health grant R35GM139645 (GMS), National Institutes of Health grant T32GM127235 (TKC), Army Research Office grants W911NF2410036, W911NF2210107 and W911NF10361 (GMS), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation INV-067331 (GMS), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation project PID2021-127311NB-I00 (JGO), Spanish State Research Agency and FEDER (JGO), and Generalitat de Catalunya ICREA Academia Programme (JGO).
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Chiou JG, Chou TK, Garcia-Ojalvo J, Süel GM. Intrinsically robust and scalable biofilm segmentation under diverse physical growth conditions. iScience. 2024 Nov 13;27(12):111386. DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111386
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.111386
• dc.identifier.issn 2589-0042
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/69119
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Elsevier
• dc.relation.ispartof iScience. 2024 Nov 13;27(12):111386
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PE/PID2021-127311NB-I00
• dc.rights © 2024 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword Biological sciences
• dc.subject.keyword Microbiology
• dc.subject.keyword Natural sciences
• dc.title Intrinsically robust and scalable biofilm segmentation under diverse physical growth conditions
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion