Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and noise and dynamic brain connectivity across adolescence

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• dc.contributor.author López Vicente, Mònica, 1988-
• dc.contributor.author Kusters, Michelle S.W.
• dc.contributor.author Binter, Anne-Claire
• dc.contributor.author Petricola, Sami
• dc.contributor.author Tiemeier, Henning
• dc.contributor.author Muetzel, Ryan L.
• dc.contributor.author Guxens Junyent, Mònica
• dc.date.accessioned 2025-06-26T06:28:58Z
• dc.date.available 2025-06-26T06:28:58Z
• dc.date.issued 2025
• dc.description.abstract Background: Traffic-related exposures, such as air pollution and noise, show long-term associations with brain alterations in children and adolescents. The associations with functional connectivity have been studied using static approaches of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) (i.e., average connectivity between regions across the scanning session). Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the long-term association of traffic air pollution and noise during pregnancy and childhood with functional connectivity across adolescence using a dynamic approach, which captures different connectivity patterns across the scanning session. Methods: We used data from the Generation R population-based birth cohort. We estimated levels of 14 air pollutants and traffic noise at home addresses during pregnancy and childhood. We acquired rs-fMRI data at the age-10 y and age-14 y visits. We included participants with rs-fMRI data in at least one visit and either air pollution data (n=3,588) or noise data (n=2,642). We used k-means clustering to identify five connectivity patterns, called "states," that reoccur over time and across subjects and visits. We calculated the mean time spent in each state for each participant and visit. We performed multi- and single-pollutant mixed effects models adjusted for socioeconomic and lifestyle variables, including the individual as random effect to test the associations between the exposures and the mean time spent in each state. Results: Exposure to nitrogen oxides, particulate matter (PM), and road-traffic noise was related to differences in the time spent in the connectivity states, both in the multi- and single-pollutant models. For instance, higher levels of exposure to PM with aerodynamic diameter between 2.5μm and 10μm (PMCOARSE) during pregnancy and higher noise exposure during childhood were associated with more time spent in a state in which the default-mode network, related to self-referential processes and mind-wandering, shows high connectivity. Discussion: Traffic-related exposures might be related to long-term alterations in brain functional network organization in adolescents. Further research should explore the potential impact of these differences on cognition and psychopathology. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14525.
• dc.description.sponsorship The authors gratefully acknowledge the contribution of children and parents, general practitioners, hospitals, midwives, and pharmacies in Rotterdam. This study was supported by the Project IJC2020-045355-I, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR (M.L.-V.). This study was co-financed by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) and the European Social Fund (FSE) “EL FSE invierte en tu futuro” with reference number PRE2020-092005, according to the Resolution of the Presidency of the AEI, by which grants are awarded for predoctoral contracts for the training of doctors, call 2020 (M.K.). This study received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 874583 (ATHLETE project, A.B.). This publication reflects only the authors’ view, and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. Generation R Neuroimaging was supported by the Sophia Foundation project S18–20 (R.L.M.), the Erasmus MC Fellowship (R.L.M.), The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (2021.042, Snellius, R.L.M.), and the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw) Vici project 016.VICI.170.200 (H.T.). M.G. was funded by a Miguel Servet II fellowship (CPII18/00018) from the Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III. The Generation R Study is conducted by the Erasmus MC in close collaboration with Faculty of Social Sciences of the Erasmus University Rotterdam; the Municipal Health Service Rotterdam area, Rotterdam; and the Stichting Trombosedienst & Artsenlaboratorium Rijnmond (STAR-MDC), Rotterdam. The geocodification of the addresses of the study participants and the air pollution estimations were done within the framework of a project funded by the Health Effects Institute (HEI) (Assistance Award No. R-82811201) and by the Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III (PI20/01695 including FEDER funds). The authors acknowledge the E-OBS dataset from the EU-FP6 project UERRA (https://www.uerra.eu) and the Copernicus Climate Change Service, and the data providers in the ECA&D project (https://www.ecad.eu). The authors acknowledge support from the grant CEX2023-0001290-S funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program, and the Ministry of Research and Universities of the Government of Catalonia (2021 SGR 01564).
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation López-Vicente M, Kusters M, Binter AC, Petricola S, Tiemeier H, Muetzel R, et al. Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and noise and dynamic brain connectivity across adolescence. Environ Health Perspect. 2025 May;133(5):57002. DOI: 10.1289/EHP14525
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP14525
• dc.identifier.issn 0091-6765
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/70760
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
• dc.relation.ispartof Environ Health Perspect. 2025 May;133(5):57002
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/874583
• dc.rights Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.subject.other Aire--Contaminació
• dc.subject.other Infants amb dany cerebral
• dc.title Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and noise and dynamic brain connectivity across adolescence
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion