Evolution and diversity of copy number variation in the great ape lineage

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  • dc.contributor.author Sudmant, Peter H.ca
  • dc.contributor.author Huddleston, Johnca
  • dc.contributor.author Catacchio, Claudia R.ca
  • dc.contributor.author Malig, Maikaca
  • dc.contributor.author Hillier, LeDeana W.ca
  • dc.contributor.author Baker, Carlca
  • dc.contributor.author Mohajeri, Kianaca
  • dc.contributor.author Kondova, Ivanelaca
  • dc.contributor.author Bontrop, Ronald E.ca
  • dc.contributor.author Persengiev, Stephanca
  • dc.contributor.author Antonacci, Francescaca
  • dc.contributor.author Ventura, Marioca
  • dc.contributor.author Prado Martínez, Javier, 1987-ca
  • dc.contributor.author Marquès i Bonet, Tomàs, 1975-ca
  • dc.contributor.author Eichler, Evan E.ca
  • dc.contributor.author Project Great Ape Genomeca
  • dc.date.accessioned 2015-06-09T08:10:50Z
  • dc.date.available 2015-06-09T08:10:50Z
  • dc.date.issued 2013ca
  • dc.description.abstract Copy number variation (CNV) contributes to disease and has restructured the genomes of great apes. The diversity and rate of this process, however, have not been extensively explored among great ape lineages. We analyzed 97 deeply sequenced great ape and human genomes and estimate 16% (469 Mb) of the hominid genome has been affected by recent CNV. We identify a comprehensive set of fixed gene deletions (n = 340) and duplications (n = 405) as well as >13.5 Mb of sequence that has been specifically lost on the human lineage. We compared the diversity and rates of copy number and single nucleotide variation across the hominid phylogeny. We find that CNV diversity partially correlates with single nucleotide diversity (r2 = 0.5) and recapitulates the phylogeny of apes with few exceptions. Duplications significantly outpace deletions (2.8-fold). The load of segregating duplications remains significantly higher in bonobos, Western chimpanzees, and Sumatran orangutans—populations that have experienced recent genetic bottlenecks (P = 0.0014, 0.02, and 0.0088, respectively). The rate of fixed deletion has been more clocklike with the exception of the chimpanzee lineage, where we observe a twofold increase in the chimpanzee–bonobo ancestor (P = 4.79 × 10−9) and increased deletion load among Western chimpanzees (P = 0.002). The latter includes the first genomic disorder in a chimpanzee with features resembling Smith-Magenis syndrome mediated by a chimpanzee-specific increase in segmental duplication complexity. We hypothesize that demographic effects, such as bottlenecks, have contributed to larger and more gene-rich segments being deleted in the chimpanzee lineage and that this effect, more generally, may account for episodic bursts in CNV during hominid evolution.en
  • dc.description.sponsorship P.H.S. is supported by a Howard Hughes International Student Fellowship.T.M.B. is supported by an ERC Starting Grant (260372). T.M.B. is an ICREA Research Investigator (Institut Catala d’Estudis i Recerca Avancats de la Generalitat de Catalunya). This work was supported, in part, by U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant HG002385 to E.E.E., BFU2009-13409-C02-02 to J.P.M., and MICINN (Spain) BFU2011-28549 to T.M.B. E.E.E. is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Instituteen
  • dc.format.mimetype application/pdfca
  • dc.identifier.citation Sudmant PH, Huddleston J, Catacchio CR, Malig M, Hillier LW, Baker C et al. Evolution and diversity of copy number variation in the great ape lineage. Genome Research. 2013;23:1373-82. DOI: 10.1101/gr.158543.113ca
  • dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.158543.113
  • dc.identifier.issn 1088-9051ca
  • dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/23769
  • dc.language.iso engca
  • dc.publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (CSHL Press)ca
  • dc.relation.ispartof Genome Research. 2013;23:1373-82
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/260372
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PN/BFU2009-13409
  • dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/3PN/BFU2011-28549
  • dc.rights © 2013, Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. This article, published in Genome Research, is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported), as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/.en
  • dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessca
  • dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
  • dc.subject.other Genòmicaca
  • dc.subject.other Simisca
  • dc.title Evolution and diversity of copy number variation in the great ape lineageen
  • dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/articleca
  • dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionca

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