Embarrassment when illness strikes a close relative: a World Mental Health Survey Consortium Multi-Site Study

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• dc.contributor.author Ahmedani, Brian K.
• dc.contributor.author Kubiak, S.P.
• dc.contributor.author Kessler, Ronald C.
• dc.contributor.author de Graaf, Ron
• dc.contributor.author Alonso Caballero, Jordi
• dc.contributor.author Bruffaerts, Ronny
• dc.contributor.author Zarkov, Zahari
• dc.contributor.author Viana, Maria Carmen
• dc.contributor.author Huang, Y. Q.
• dc.contributor.author Hu, Chiyi
• dc.contributor.author Posada Villa, José
• dc.contributor.author Lepine, Jean-Pierre
• dc.contributor.author Angermeyer, Matthias C.
• dc.contributor.author Girolamo, Giovanni de
• dc.contributor.author Karam, A. M.
• dc.contributor.author Medina Mora, Maria Elena
• dc.contributor.author Gureje, Oye
• dc.contributor.author Ferry, F.
• dc.contributor.author Sagar, R.
• dc.contributor.author Anthony, James C.
• dc.date.accessioned 2019-02-06T09:01:15Z
• dc.date.available 2019-02-06T09:01:15Z
• dc.date.issued 2013
• dc.description.abstract Background: In this global study we sought to estimate the degree to which a family member might feel embarrassed when a close relative is suffering from an alcohol, drug, or mental health condition (ADMC) versus a general medical condition (GMC). To date, most studies have considered embarrassment and stigma in society and internalized by the afflicted individual but have not assessed family embarrassment in a large-scale study. Method: In 16 sites of the World Mental Health Surveys (WMHS), standardized assessments were completed including items on family embarrassment. Site matching was used to constrain local socially shared determinants of stigma-related feelings, enabling a conditional logistic regression model that estimates the embarrassment close relatives may hold in relation to family members affected by an ADMC, a GMC, or both conditions. Results: There was a statistically robust association such that subgroups with an ADMC-affected relative were more likely to feel embarrassed compared to subgroups with a relative affected by a GMC (p < 0.001), even with covariate adjustments for age and sex. Conclusions: The pattern of evidence from this research is consistent with conceptual models for interventions that target individual- and family-level stigma-related feelings of embarrassment as possible obstacles to effective early intervention and treatment for an ADMC. Macro-level interventions are under way but micro-level interventions may also be required among family members, along with care for each person with an ADMC.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Ahmedani BK, Kubiak SP, Kessler RC, de Graaf R, Alonso J, Bruffaerts R et al. Embarrassment when illness strikes a close relative: a World Mental Health Survey Consortium Multi-Site Study. Psychol Med. 2013;43(10):2191-202. DOI: 10.1017/S003329171200298X
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S003329171200298X
• dc.identifier.issn 0033-2917
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/36515
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Cambridge University Press
• dc.relation.ispartof Psychological Medicine. 2013;43(10):2191-202
• dc.rights © Cambridge University Press. The published version of the article: Ahmedani BK, Kubiak SP, Kessler RC, de Graaf R, Alonso J, Bruffaerts R, Zarkov Z, Viana MC, Huang YQ, Hu C, Posada-Villa JA, Lepine JP, Angermeyer MC, de Girolamo G, Karam AN, Medina-Mora ME, Gureje O, Ferry F, Sagar R, Anthony JC. Embarrassment when illness strikes a close relative: a World Mental Health Survey Consortium Multi-Site Study. Psychol Med. 2013; 43(10):2191-202. DOI 10.1017/S003329171200298X is available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine.
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.subject.keyword Family embarrassment
• dc.subject.keyword Psychiatric conditions
• dc.subject.keyword Stigma
• dc.subject.keyword World Mental Health Surveys
• dc.title Embarrassment when illness strikes a close relative: a World Mental Health Survey Consortium Multi-Site Study
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion