Mental illness and antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination in a prospective population-based study in Catalonia

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• dc.contributor.author Karachaliou, Marianna
• dc.contributor.author Espinosa Díaz, Ana
• dc.contributor.author Farré, Xavier
• dc.contributor.author Blay, Natalia
• dc.contributor.author Castaño Vinyals, Gemma
• dc.contributor.author Iraola Guzmán, Susana
• dc.contributor.author Rubio, Rocío
• dc.contributor.author Vidal, Marta
• dc.contributor.author Jiménez, Alfons
• dc.contributor.author Bañuls, Marc
• dc.contributor.author Aguilar, Ruth
• dc.contributor.author García Aymerich, Judith
• dc.contributor.author Dobaño, Carlota
• dc.contributor.author Kogevinas, Manolis
• dc.contributor.author Moncunill, Gemma
• dc.contributor.author Cid Ibeas, Rafael de
• dc.date.accessioned 2025-02-05T07:10:35Z
• dc.date.available 2025-02-05T07:10:35Z
• dc.date.issued 2024
• dc.description.abstract Background Mental illnesses have been overlooked as a potential factor influencing antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccine. Associations between mental disorders and antibody response might vary by specific disorders, depend on the long-term course of the illness and relate to psychotropic treatment. Methods: The association between mental illness diagnoses (mood affective disorders, anxiety disorders, other) over ten years and psychotropic drug prescription based on electronic health records with antibody levels (IgG and IgA) post COVID-19 vaccination was assessed in 939 vaccinated adults from Catalonia, Spain. We employed linear regression models to assess associations between specific mental illnesses and psychotropic drugs with antibody levels, correcting for demographics, comorbidities and lifestyle factors. In a genotyped subset (n = 247) we assessed the effect of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for mental illnesses and performed a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine causality between mental illness and antibody responses. Results: Mood affective disorders were associated with lower IgG to receptor binding domain (RBD) [percentage change = -26.37 (95 % CI, -42.00, -6.54)]. Diagnosis of anxiety disorders was not associated with the outcome. The group of other diagnoses (mainly including insomnia and nicotine dependence) were associated with lower IgG RBD levels [percentage change: -21.53 (95 % CI, -35.38, -4.71)] and recent onset cases (≤5 years ago) showed greater decline in antibody levels. Participants on second-generation antipsychotics and multiple classes of psychotropic drugs in the last 6 months exhibited lower antibody levels. In the genotyped population, higher genetic liability (higher PRS) to schizophrenia was associated with lower IgG RBD levels [percentage change = -35.49 (95 % CI, -56.55, -4.23)]. MR analysis revealed a causal relationship between major depression genetic instrumental variables and lower IgG RBD and S levels. Conclusions: These findings raise concerns about the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines and potentially of other vaccines as well, in individuals with mood affective disorders, current/recent insomnia and nicotine dependence and people on multiple psychotropic drugs. Whether these associations are translated into increased risk for breakthrough infections and immune mediated long-term sequels of the SARS-CoV-2 infection warrants further investigation.
• dc.description.sponsorship This work was funded by Incentius a l'Avaluació de Centres CERCA (in_ CERCA); EIT HEALTH BP2020-20873-Certify.Health.; Fundació Privada Daniel Bravo Andreu; PID2019-110810RB-I00 grant (Spanish Ministry of Science & Innovation). Rocio Rubio had the support of the Health Department, Catalan Government (PERIS SLT017/20/000224). ISGlobal acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023” Program (CEX2018-000806-S). ISGlobal and IGTP receive support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program. GCAT was funded by Acción de Dinamización del ISCIII-MINECO and the Ministry of Health of the Generalitat of Catalunya (ADE 10/00026) and have additional suport by the Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) (2017-SGR 529), National Grant PI18/01512 and VEIS project (001-P-001647) (co-funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), “A way to build Europe”). This study was carried out using anonymized data provided by the Catalan Agency for Quality and Health Assessment, within the framework of the PADRIS Program. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, interpretation of data, preparation of the manuscript, and decision to publish.
• dc.format.mimetype application/pdf
• dc.identifier.citation Karachaliou M, Espinosa A, Farré X, Blay N, Castaño-Vinyals G, Iraola-Guzmán S, et al. Mental illness and antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination in a prospective population-based study in Catalonia. Vaccine. 2024 Dec 12;45:126591. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126591
• dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126591
• dc.identifier.issn 0264-410X
• dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/69494
• dc.language.iso eng
• dc.publisher Elsevier
• dc.relation.ispartof Vaccine. 2024 Dec 12;45:126591
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/PID2019-110810RB-I00
• dc.relation.projectID info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ES/2PE/CEX2018-000806-S
• dc.rights © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
• dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
• dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• dc.subject.keyword COVID-19 vaccine
• dc.subject.keyword IgA
• dc.subject.keyword IgG
• dc.subject.keyword Depression
• dc.subject.keyword Genetics
• dc.subject.keyword Mood affective disorders
• dc.title Mental illness and antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination in a prospective population-based study in Catalonia
• dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/article
• dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion