Sex and parasites: genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae, the biotrophic and plant-castrating anther smut fungus
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- dc.contributor.author Perlin, Michael H.ca
- dc.contributor.author Gabaldón Estevan, Juan Antonio, 1973-ca
- dc.contributor.author Cuomo, Christina A.ca
- dc.date.accessioned 2015-11-09T14:41:03Z
- dc.date.available 2015-11-09T14:41:03Z
- dc.date.issued 2015
- dc.description.abstract Background: The genus Microbotryum includes plant pathogenic fungi afflicting a wide variety of hosts with anther smut disease. Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae infects Silene latifolia and replaces host pollen with fungal spores, exhibiting biotrophy and necrosis associated with altering plant development. Results: We determined the haploid genome sequence for M. lychnidis-dioicae and analyzed whole transcriptome data from plant infections and other stages of the fungal lifecycle, revealing the inventory and expression level of genes that facilitate pathogenic growth. Compared to related fungi, an expanded number of major facilitator superfamily transporters and secretory lipases were detected; lipase gene expression was found to be altered by exposure to lipid compounds, which signaled a switch to dikaryotic, pathogenic growth. In addition, while enzymes to digest cellulose, xylan, xyloglucan, and highly substituted forms of pectin were absent, along with depletion of peroxidases and superoxide dismutases that protect the fungus from oxidative stress, the repertoire of glycosyltransferases and of enzymes that could manipulate host development has expanded. A total of 14 % of the genome was categorized as repetitive sequences. Transposable elements have accumulated in mating-type chromosomal regions and were also associated across the genome with gene clusters of small secreted proteins, which may mediate host interactions. Conclusions: The unique absence of enzyme classes for plant cell wall degradation and maintenance of enzymes that break down components of pollen tubes and flowers provides a striking example of biotrophic host adaptation.en
- dc.format.mimetype application/pdfca
- dc.identifier.citation Perlin MH, Amselem J, Fontanillas E, Toh SS, Chen Z, Goldberg J et al. Sex and parasites: genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae, the biotrophic and plant-castrating anther smut fungus. BMC Genomics. 2015;16:461. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1660-8ca
- dc.identifier.doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-1660-8
- dc.identifier.issn 1471-2164
- dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10230/25022
- dc.language.iso engca
- dc.publisher BioMed Centralca
- dc.relation.ispartof BMC Genomics. 2015;16:461
- dc.rights © 2015 Perlin et al. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly creditedca
- dc.rights Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Spain
- dc.rights.accessRights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessca
- dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
- dc.subject.keyword Microbotryum violaceumen
- dc.subject.keyword Anther smutsen
- dc.subject.keyword CAZymeen
- dc.subject.keyword Transposable elementsen
- dc.subject.keyword Mating-type chromosomesen
- dc.subject.keyword Pathogen alteration of host developmenten
- dc.subject.other Fongs -- Desenvolupamentca
- dc.subject.other Plantes -- Malaltiesca
- dc.subject.other Fongs -- Genèticaca
- dc.title Sex and parasites: genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae, the biotrophic and plant-castrating anther smut fungusca
- dc.type info:eu-repo/semantics/articleca
- dc.type.version info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionca